目录
serialVersionUID:
用对象序列化流序列化了一个对象后,假如我们修改了对象所属的类文件,读取数据会不会出问题呢?
会出问题,会抛出InvalidClassException异常
如果出了问题,如何解决呢?
重新序列化
给对象所属的类加一个serialVersionUID
private static final long serialVersionUID = 42L;
transient:
如果一个对象中的某个成员变量的值不想被序列化,又该如何实现呢?
给成员变量transient关键字修饰,该关键字标记的成员变量不参与序列化过程
示例代码:
学生类
- public class Student implements Serializable {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 42L;
- private String name;
- private transient int age;
-
- public Student() {
- }
-
- public Student(String name, int age) {
- this.name = name;
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
-
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
-
- public int getAge() {
- return age;
- }
-
- public void setAge(int age) {
- this.age = age;
- }
-
- }
测试类:
- public class ObjectStreamDemo {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException,
- ClassNotFoundException {
- // write();
- read();
- }
- //反序列化
- private static void read() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
- ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(new
- FileInputStream("myOtherStream\\oos.txt"));
- Object obj = ois.readObject();
- Student s = (Student) obj;
- System.out.println(s.getName() + "," + s.getAge());
- ois.close();
- }
- //序列化
- private static void write() throws IOException {
- ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(new
- FileOutputStream("myOtherStream\\oos.txt"));
- Student s = new Student("林青霞", 30);
- oos.writeObject(s);
- oos.close();
- }
- }
Properties介绍:
是一个Map体系的集合类
Properties可以保存到流中或从流中加载
属性列表中的每个键及其对应的值都是一个字符串
Properties基本使用:
- public class PropertiesDemo01 {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //创建集合对象
- Properties prop = new Properties();
-
- //存储元素
- prop.put("itheima001", "小林");
- prop.put("itheima002", "小张");
- prop.put("itheima003", "小王");
-
- //遍历集合
- Set
- for (Object key : keySet) {
- Object value = prop.get(key);
- System.out.println(key + "," + value);
- }
- }
- }
特有方法:
| 方法名 | 说明 |
| Object setProperty(String key,String value) | 设置集合的键和值,都是String类型,底层调用Hashtable方法put |
| String getProperty(String key) | 使用此属性列表中指定的键搜索属性 |
| Set stringPropertyNames() | 从该属性列表中返回一个不可修改的键集,其中键及其对应的值是字符串 |
示例代码:
- public class PropertiesDemo02 {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- //创建集合对象
- Properties prop = new Properties();
- //Object setProperty(String key, String value):设置集合的键和值,都是
- //String类型,底层调用Hashtable方法put
- prop.setProperty("itheima001", "林青霞");
- /*
- Object setProperty(String key, String value) {
- return put(key, value);
- }
- Object put(Object key, Object value) {
- return map.put(key, value);
- }
- */
- prop.setProperty("itheima002", "小张");
- prop.setProperty("itheima003", "小王");
- //String getProperty(String key):使用此属性列表中指定的键搜索属性
- // System.out.println(prop.getProperty("itheima001"));
- // System.out.println(prop.getProperty("itheima0011"));
- // System.out.println(prop);
- //Set
stringPropertyNames():从该属性列表中返回一个不可修改的键集,其中 - 键及其对应的值是字符串
- Set
names = prop.stringPropertyNames(); - for (String key : names) {
- // System.out.println(key);
- String value = prop.getProperty(key);
- System.out.println(key + "," + value);
- }
- }
- }
和IO流结合的方法:
| 方法名 | 说明 |
| void load(InputStream inStream) | 从输入字节流读取属性列表(键和元素对) |
| void load(Reader reader) | 从输入字符流读取属性列表(键和元素对) |
| void store(OutputStream out,String comments) | 将此属性列表(键和元素对)写入此Properties表中,以适合于使用load(InputStream)方法的格式写入输出字节流 |
| void store(Writer writer,String comments) | 将此属性列表(键和元素对)写入此Properties表中,以适合使用load(Reader)方法的格式写入输出字符流 |
示例代码:
- public class PropertiesDemo03 {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
- //把集合中的数据保存到文件
- // myStore();
-
- //把文件中的数据加载到集合
- myLoad();
- }
-
- private static void myLoad() throws IOException {
- Properties prop = new Properties();
-
- //void load(Reader reader):
- FileReader fr = new FileReader("myOtherStream\\fw.txt");
- prop.load(fr);
- fr.close();
-
- System.out.println(prop);
- }
- private static void myStore() throws IOException {
- Properties prop = new Properties();
-
- prop.setProperty("itheima001","小林");
- prop.setProperty("itheima002","小张");
- prop.setProperty("itheima003","小王");
-
- //void store(Writer writer, String comments):
- FileWriter fw = new FileWriter("myOtherStream\\fw.txt");
- prop.store(fw,null);
- fw.close();
- }
- }