@Service
public class Service1 {
/**
模拟转账事务
*/
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
/**
from //转账人
to //收款人
amount //转账金额
*/
@Transactional
public void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) throws FileNotFoundException {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
new FileInputStream("XXX");//制造文件找不到异常,方法上抛出此异常
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
}
}
原因:Spring 默认只会回滚非检查异常
解法:配置 rollbackFor 属性
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)@Service
public class Service2 {
/**
模拟转账事务
*/
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
/**
from //转账人
to //收款人
amount //转账金额
*/
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) {
try {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
new FileInputStream("XXX");//制造文件找不到异常,并用catch块处理异常
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
原因:事务通知只有捉到了目标抛出的异常,才能进行后续的回滚处理,如果目标自己处理掉异常,事务通知无法知悉
解法1:异常原样抛出
throw new RuntimeException(e);解法2:手动设置 TransactionStatus.setRollbackOnly()
TransactionInterceptor.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();@Service
public class Service3 {
/**
模拟转账事务
*/
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
/**
from //转账人
to //收款人
amount //转账金额
*/
@Transactional
public void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) throws FileNotFoundException {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
new FileInputStream("XXX");//制造文件找不到异常,方法上抛出此异常
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
}
}
@Aspect//切面类
public class MyAspect {
@Around("execution(* transfer(..))")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
try {
return pjp.proceed();
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}
原因:事务切面优先级最低,但如果自定义的切面优先级和他一样,则还是自定义切面在内层,这时若自定义切面没有正确抛出异常…
解法1:异常原样抛出
throw new RuntimeException(e);解法2:手动设置 TransactionStatus.setRollbackOnly()
TransactionInterceptor.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();解法3:调整切面顺序,在 MyAspect 上添加 @Order(Ordered.LOWEST_PRECEDENCE - 1) (不推荐)
@Service
public class Service4 {
/**
模拟转账事务
*/
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
/**
from //转账人
to //收款人
amount //转账金额
*/
@Transactional
void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
}
}
原因:Spring 为方法创建代理、添加事务通知、前提条件都是该方法是 public 的
解法1:改为 public 方法
解法2:添加 bean 配置如下(不推荐)
@Bean
public TransactionAttributeSource transactionAttributeSource() {
return new AnnotationTransactionAttributeSource(false);//默认是public
}
package tx.app.service;
// ...
@Service
public class Service5 {
/**
模拟转账事务
*/
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
/**
from //转账人
to //收款人
amount //转账金额
*/
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
}
}
package tx.app.controller;
// ...
@Controller
public class AccountController {
@Autowired
public Service5 service;
public void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) {
service.transfer(from, to, amount);
}
}
//App 配置类
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("tx.app.service")
@EnableTransactionManagement
// ...
public class AppConfig {
// ... 有事务相关配置
}
//Web 配置类
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("tx.app")
// ...
public class WebConfig {
// ... 无事务配置
}
现在配置了父子容器,WebConfig 对应子容器,AppConfig 对应父容器,发现事务依然失效
原因:子容器扫描范围过大,把未加事务配置的 service 扫描进来
解法1:各扫描各的,不要图简便
解法2:不要用父子容器,所有 bean 放在同一容器
@Service
public class Service6 {
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void foo() throws FileNotFoundException {
bar();
}
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void bar() throws FileNotFoundException {
LoggerUtils.get().debug("bar");
}
}
原因:本类方法调用不经过代理,因此无法增强
解法1:依赖注入自己(代理)来调用
@Service
public class Service6 {
@Autowired
private Service6 proxy; // 本质上是一种循环依赖
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void foo() throws FileNotFoundException {
proxy.bar();
}
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void bar() throws FileNotFoundException {
LoggerUtils.get().debug("bar");
}
}
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy(exposeProxy = true)@Service
public class Service6 {
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void foo() throws FileNotFoundException {
((Service6) AopContext.currentProxy()).bar();
}
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRES_NEW, rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void bar() throws FileNotFoundException {
LoggerUtils.get().debug("bar");
}
}
@Service
public class Service7 {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Service7.class);
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
logger.debug("更新前查询余额为: {}", fromBalance);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
}
public int findBalance(int accountNo) {
return accountMapper.findBalanceBy(accountNo);
}
}
上面的代码实际上是有 bug 的,假设 from 余额为 1000,两个线程都来转账 1000,可能会出现扣减为负数的情况。
针对上面的问题,能否在方法上加 synchronized 锁来解决呢?
@Service
public class Service7 {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Service7.class);
@Autowired
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
public synchronized void transfer(int from, int to, int amount) {
int fromBalance = accountMapper.findBalanceBy(from);
logger.debug("更新前查询余额为: {}", fromBalance);
if (fromBalance - amount >= 0) {
accountMapper.update(from, -1 * amount);
accountMapper.update(to, amount);
}
}
public int findBalance(int accountNo) {
return accountMapper.findBalanceBy(accountNo);
}
}
结果是不行,原因如下:
synchronized 保证的仅是目标方法的原子性,环绕目标方法的还有 commit 等操作,它们并未处于 sync 块内
解法1:synchronized 范围应扩大至代理方法调用
解法2:使用 select … for update 替换 select