“shiro”是如何实现登录、URL和页面按钮的访问控制

用户权限管理一般是对用户页面、按钮的访问权限管理。Shiro框架是一个强大且易用的Java安全框架，执行身份验证、授权、密码和会话管理，对于Shiro的介绍这里就不多说。本篇博客主要是了解Shiro的基础使用方法，在权限管理系统中集成Shiro实现登录、url和页面按钮的访问控制。

一、引入依赖

使用SpringBoot集成Shiro时，在pom.xml中可以引入shiro-spring-boot-web-starter。由于使用的是thymeleaf框架，thymeleaf与Shiro结合需要 引入thymeleaf-extras-shiro。

????????
????????????org.apache.shiro
????????????shiro-spring-boot-web-starter
????????????1.4.0
????????
????????
????????
????????????com.github.theborakompanioni
????????????thymeleaf-extras-shiro
????????????2.0.0
????????
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二、增加Shiro配置

有哪些url是需要拦截的，哪些是不需要拦截的，登录页面、登录成功页面的url、自定义的Realm等这些信息需要设置到Shiro中，所以创建Configuration文件ShiroConfig。

package?com.example.config;


import?org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import?org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import?org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import?org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import?org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import?org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import?at.pollux.thymeleaf.shiro.dialect.ShiroDialect;

import?java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import?java.util.Map;


@Configuration
public?class?ShiroConfig?{
????@Bean("shiroFilterFactoryBean")
????public?ShiroFilterFactoryBean?shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager?securityManager)?{
????????System.out.println("ShiroConfiguration.shirFilter()");
????????ShiroFilterFactoryBean?shiroFilterFactoryBean?=?new?ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
????????shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
????????//拦截器.
????????Map?filterChainDefinitionMap?=?new?LinkedHashMap();
????????//?配置不会被拦截的链接?顺序判断
????????filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/static/**",?"anon");
????????//配置退出?过滤器,其中的具体的退出代码Shiro已经替我们实现了
????????filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout",?"logout");
????????//:这是一个坑呢，一不小心代码就不好使了;
????????//
????????filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**",?"authc");
????????//?如果不设置默认会自动寻找Web工程根目录下的"/login.jsp"页面
????????shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");
????????//?登录成功后要跳转的链接
????????shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index");

????????//未授权界面;
????????shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/403");
????????shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);
????????return?shiroFilterFactoryBean;
????}

????@Bean(name="defaultWebSecurityManager")????//创建DefaultWebSecurityManager????
????public?DefaultWebSecurityManager?getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm")MyShiroRealm?userRealm){????????
????????DefaultWebSecurityManager?defaultWebSecurityManager?=?new?DefaultWebSecurityManager();????????
????????defaultWebSecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);????????
????????return?defaultWebSecurityManager;

????}????????
????//创建Realm????
????@Bean(name="userRealm")????
????public?MyShiroRealm?getUserRealm(){????????
????????return?new?MyShiroRealm();????

????}

????@Bean
????public?ShiroDialect?shiroDialect()?{
????????return?new?ShiroDialect();
????}
}
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ShiroDialect这个bean对象是在thymeleaf与Shiro结合，前端html访问Shiro时使用。

三、自定义Realm

在自定义的Realm中继承了AuthorizingRealm抽象类，重写了两个方法：doGetAuthorizationInfo和doGetAuthenticationInfo。doGetAuthorizationInfo主要是用来处理权限配置，doGetAuthenticationInfo主要处理身份认证。

这里在doGetAuthorizationInfo中，将role表的id和permission表的code分别设置到SimpleAuthorizationInfo对象中的role和permission中。

还有一个地方需要注意：@Component(“authorizer”)，刚开始我没设置，但报错提示需要一个authorizer的bean，查看AuthorizingRealm可以发现它implements了Authorizer，所以在自定义的realm上添加@Component(“authorizer”)就可以了。

package?com.example.config;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import?org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import?org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import?org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import?org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import?org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import?org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import?com.example.pojo.Permission;
import?com.example.pojo.Role;
import?com.example.pojo.User;
import?com.example.service.RoleService;
import?com.example.service.UserService;

@Component("authorizer")
public?class?MyShiroRealm?extends?AuthorizingRealm?{

????@Autowired
????private?UserService?userService;

????@Autowired
????private?RoleService?roleService;

????@Override
????protected?AuthorizationInfo?doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection?principals)?{
????????System.out.println("权限配置-->MyShiroRealm.doGetAuthorizationInfo()");
????????SimpleAuthorizationInfo?authorizationInfo?=?new?SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
????????User?user??=?(User)principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
????????System.out.println("User:"+user.toString()+"?roles?count:"+user.getRoles().size());
????????for(Role?role:user.getRoles()){
????????????authorizationInfo.addRole(role.getId());
????????????role=roleService.getRoleById(role.getId());
????????????System.out.println("Role:"+role.toString());
????????????for(Permission?p:role.getPermissions()){
????????????????System.out.println("Permission:"+p.toString());
????????????????authorizationInfo.addStringPermission(p.getCode());
????????????}
????????}
????????System.out.println("权限配置-->authorizationInfo"+authorizationInfo.toString());
????????return?authorizationInfo;
????}

????/*主要是用来进行身份认证的，也就是说验证用户输入的账号和密码是否正确。*/
????@Override
????protected?AuthenticationInfo?doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken?token)
????????????throws?AuthenticationException?{
????????System.out.println("MyShiroRealm.doGetAuthenticationInfo()");
????????//获取用户的输入的账号.
????????String?username?=?(String)token.getPrincipal();
????????System.out.println(token.getCredentials());
????????//通过username从数据库中查找?User对象，如果找到，没找到.
????????//实际项目中，这里可以根据实际情况做缓存，如果不做，Shiro自己也是有时间间隔机制，2分钟内不会重复执行该方法
????????User?user?=?userService.getUserById(username);
????????System.out.println("----->>userInfo="+user);
????????if(user?==?null){
????????????return?null;
????????}
????????SimpleAuthenticationInfo?authenticationInfo?=?new?SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
????????????????user,?//用户名
????????????????"123456",?//密码
????????????????getName()??//realm?name
????????);
????????return?authenticationInfo;
????}

}
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四、登录认证

1.登录页面

这里做了一个非常丑的登录页面，主要是自己懒，不想在网上复制粘贴找登录页面了。

????
????
????
????
????
????
????
????


?
??????用户名：

??????密码：

??????登录取消



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2.处理登录请求

在LoginController中通过登录名、密码获取到token实现登录。

package?com.example.controller;
import?org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import?org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import?org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import?org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import?org.springframework.ui.Model;
import?org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import?org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
public?class?LoginController?{

????//退出的时候是get请求，主要是用于退出
????@RequestMapping(value?=?"/login",method?=?RequestMethod.GET)
????public?String?login(){
????????return?"login";
????}

????//post登录
????@RequestMapping(value?=?"/login",method?=?RequestMethod.POST)
????public?String?login(Model?model,String?id,String?pwd){
????????//添加用户认证信息
????????Subject?subject?=?SecurityUtils.getSubject();
????????UsernamePasswordToken?usernamePasswordToken?=?new?UsernamePasswordToken(
????????????????id,
????????????????"123456");
????????try?{????????????
????????????????subject.login(usernamePasswordToken);????????????
????????????????return?"home";???
????????????}
????????catch?(UnknownAccountException?e)?{????????????
????????????//用户名不存在????????????
????????????model.addAttribute("msg","用户名不存在");????????????
????????????return?"login";????????
????????????}catch?(IncorrectCredentialsException?e)?{????????????
????????????????//密码错误????????????
????????????????model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");????????????
????????????????return?"login";????????
????????????????}

????}
????@RequestMapping(value?=?"/index")
????public?String?index(){
????????return?"home";
????}

}
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五、Controller层访问控制

1.首先来数据库的数据，两张图是用户角色、和角色权限的数据。

2.设置权限

这里在用户页面点击编辑按钮时设置需要有id=002的角色，在点击选择角色按钮时需要有code=002的权限。

@RequestMapping(value?=?"/edit",method?=?RequestMethod.GET)
????@RequiresRoles("002")//权限管理;
????public?String?editGet(Model?model,@RequestParam(value="id")?String?id)?{
????????model.addAttribute("id",?id);
????????return?"/user/edit";
????}


@RequestMapping(value?=?"/selrole",method?=?RequestMethod.GET)
????@RequiresPermissions("002")//权限管理;
????public?String?selctRole(Model?model,@RequestParam("id")?String?id,@RequestParam("type")?Integer?type)?{
????????model.addAttribute("id",id);
????????model.addAttribute("type",?type);
????????return?"/user/selrole";
????}
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当使用用户001登录时，点击编辑，弹出框如下，提示没有002的角色

点击选择角色按钮时提示没有002的权限。

当使用用户002登录时，点击编辑按钮，显示正常，点击选择角色也是提示没002的权限，因为权限只有001。

六、前端页面层访问控制

有时为了不想像上面那样弹出错误页面，需要在按钮显示上进行不可见，这样用户也不会点击到。前面已经引入了依赖并配置了bean，这里测试下在html中使用shiro。

1.首先设置html标签引入shiro

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2.控制按钮可见

这里使用shiro:hasAnyRoles="002,003"判断用户角色是否是002或003，是则显示不是则不显示。

????
????????添加用户
????