pip install python-docx
在python-docx模块中,将Word文件结构分成3层:
# author:mlnt
# createdate:2022/8/15
import docx # 导入docx模块
# 1.创建docx对象
document = docx.Document('test.docx')
# 2.获得Paragraph和Run数量
# 使用len()方法获得Paragraph数量
paragraph_count = len(document.paragraphs)
print(f'段落数:{paragraph_count}')
for i in range(0, paragraph_count):
# 获取Paragraph的Run数量
paragraph_run_count = len(document.paragraphs[i].runs) # i为Paragraph编号
print(document.paragraphs[i].text) # 打印Paragraph内容
print(document.paragraphs[i].runs[i].text) # 打印第i段第i个Run内容
def getFile(filename):
"""读取文件与适度编辑文件"""
document = docx.Document(filename) # 建立Word文件对象
content = []
for paragraph in document.paragraphs:
print(paragraph.text) # 输出文件所读取的Paragraph内容
content.append(paragraph.text) # 将每一段Paragraph组成列表
return '\n\n'.join(content) # 将列表转成字符串并隔行输出
print(getFile('test.docx'))
# 存储文件
document.save('out_test.docx') # 将文件复制到新文件
test.docx:

out_test.docx

创建docx对象
# 1.创建docx对象
document = docx.Document()
设置页面
# 设置页眉
run_header = document.sections[0].header.paragraphs[0].add_run("test")
document.sections[0].header.paragraphs[0].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 居中对齐
添加标题
# 2.添加标题
"""
add_heading():建立标题
- document.add_heading('content_of_heading', level=n)
"""
document.add_heading('侠客行', level=1) # 标题1格式
document.add_heading('李白', level=2) # 标题2格式
添加段落
# 3.添加段落
# 创建段落对象
"""
add_paragraph():建立段落Paragraph内容
- document.add_paragraph('paragraph_content')
"""
paragraph_object = document.add_paragraph('赵客缦胡缨,吴钩霜雪明。')
document.add_paragraph('银鞍照白马,飒沓如流星。')
document.add_paragraph('十步杀一人,千里不留行。')
document.add_paragraph('事了拂衣去,深藏身与名。')
document.add_paragraph('闲过信陵饮,脱剑膝前横。')
document.add_paragraph('将炙啖朱亥,持觞劝侯嬴。')
document.add_paragraph('三杯吐然诺,五岳倒为轻。')
document.add_paragraph('眼花耳热后,意气素霓生。')
document.add_paragraph('救赵挥金槌,邯郸先震惊。')
document.add_paragraph('千秋二壮士,烜赫大梁城。')
document.add_paragraph('纵死侠骨香,不惭世上英。')
document.add_paragraph('谁能书阁下,白首太玄经。')
prior_paragraph_object = paragraph_object.insert_paragraph_before('') # 在paragraph前插入新段落
建立Run内容,设置样式
# 4.建立Run内容
"""
Paragraph是由Run组成,使用add_run()方法可以在Paragraph中插入内容,语法如下:
paragraph_object.add_run('run_content')
"""
run1 = prior_paragraph_object.add_run('*'*13)
run2 = prior_paragraph_object.add_run('%'*13)
# 设置Run的样式
"""
bold: 加粗
italic:斜体
underline:下划线
strike:删除线
"""
run1.bold = True
run2.underline = True
# 设置段落居中对齐
for i in range(len(document.paragraphs)):
document.paragraphs[i].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 居中对齐
添加换页符
# 5.添加换页符
# add_page_break()
document.add_page_break()
插入图片
# 6.插入图片
# add_picture(),调整图片宽高需导入docx.shared模块
document.add_picture('libai.jpeg', width=Pt(200), height=Pt(300))
# 设置居中对齐
document.paragraphs[len(document.paragraphs)-1].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 居中对齐
创建表格,添加数据并设置简单样式
# 7.创建表格
"""
add_table(rows=n, cols=m)
"""
table = document.add_table(rows=2, cols=5)
# 添加表格内容
# 添加第1行数据
row = table.rows[0]
row.cells[0].text = '姓名'
row.cells[1].text = '字'
row.cells[2].text = '号'
row.cells[3].text = '所处时代'
row.cells[4].text = '别称'
# 添加第2行数据
row = table.rows[1]
row.cells[0].text = '李白'
row.cells[1].text = '太白'
row.cells[2].text = '青莲居士'
row.cells[3].text = '唐朝'
row.cells[4].text = '诗仙'
# 插入行
new_row = table.add_row() # 增加表格行
new_row.cells[0].text = '白居易'
new_row.cells[1].text = '乐天'
new_row.cells[2].text = '香山居士'
new_row.cells[3].text = '唐朝'
new_row.cells[4].text = '诗魔'
# 插入列
new_column = table.add_column(width=Inches(1)) # 增加表格列
new_column.cells[0].text = '代表作'
new_column.cells[1].text = '《侠客行》、《静夜思》'
new_column.cells[2].text = '《长恨歌》、《琵琶行》'
# 计算表格的rows和cols的长度
rows = len(table.rows)
cols = len(table.columns)
print(f'rows: {rows}')
print(f'columns: {cols}')
# 打印表格内容
# for row in table.rows:
# for cell in row.cells:
# print(cell.text)
# 设置表格样式
# table.style = 'LightShading-Accent1'
# UserWarning: style lookup by style_id is deprecated. Use style name as key instead.
table.style = 'Light Shading Accent 1'
# 循环将每一行,每一列都设置为居中
for r in range(rows):
for c in range(cols):
table.cell(r, c).vertical_alignment = WD_CELL_VERTICAL_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 垂直居中
table.cell(r, c).paragraphs[0].paragraph_format.alignment = WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 水平居中
设置页码并保存
# 设置页码
add_page_number(document.sections[0].footer.paragraphs[0])
# 保存文件
document.save('test2.docx')
设置页码的代码(page_num.py)
from docx import Document
from docx.enum.text import WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT
from docx.oxml import OxmlElement, ns
def create_element(name):
return OxmlElement(name)
def create_attribute(element, name, value):
element.set(ns.qn(name), value)
def add_page_number(paragraph):
paragraph.alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER
page_run = paragraph.add_run()
t1 = create_element('w:t')
create_attribute(t1, 'xml:space', 'preserve')
t1.text = 'Page '
page_run._r.append(t1)
page_num_run = paragraph.add_run()
fldChar1 = create_element('w:fldChar')
create_attribute(fldChar1, 'w:fldCharType', 'begin')
instrText = create_element('w:instrText')
create_attribute(instrText, 'xml:space', 'preserve')
instrText.text = "PAGE"
fldChar2 = create_element('w:fldChar')
create_attribute(fldChar2, 'w:fldCharType', 'end')
page_num_run._r.append(fldChar1)
page_num_run._r.append(instrText)
page_num_run._r.append(fldChar2)
of_run = paragraph.add_run()
t2 = create_element('w:t')
create_attribute(t2, 'xml:space', 'preserve')
t2.text = ' of '
of_run._r.append(t2)
fldChar3 = create_element('w:fldChar')
create_attribute(fldChar3, 'w:fldCharType', 'begin')
instrText2 = create_element('w:instrText')
create_attribute(instrText2, 'xml:space', 'preserve')
instrText2.text = "NUMPAGES"
fldChar4 = create_element('w:fldChar')
create_attribute(fldChar4, 'w:fldCharType', 'end')
num_pages_run = paragraph.add_run()
num_pages_run._r.append(fldChar3)
num_pages_run._r.append(instrText2)
num_pages_run._r.append(fldChar4)
完整代码
import docx
from docx.enum.table import WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT, WD_CELL_VERTICAL_ALIGNMENT
from docx.enum.text import WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT
from docx.shared import Pt, Inches
from page_num import add_page_number
# 1.创建docx对象
document = docx.Document()
# 设置页眉
run_header = document.sections[0].header.paragraphs[0].add_run("test")
document.sections[0].header.paragraphs[0].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 居中对齐
print(len(document.sections))
# 2.添加标题
"""
add_heading():建立标题
- document.add_heading('content_of_heading', level=n)
"""
document.add_heading('侠客行', level=1) # 标题1格式
document.add_heading('李白', level=2) # 标题2格式
# 3.添加段落
# 创建段落对象
"""
add_paragraph():建立段落Paragraph内容
- document.add_paragraph('paragraph_content')
"""
paragraph_object = document.add_paragraph('赵客缦胡缨,吴钩霜雪明。')
document.add_paragraph('银鞍照白马,飒沓如流星。')
document.add_paragraph('十步杀一人,千里不留行。')
document.add_paragraph('事了拂衣去,深藏身与名。')
document.add_paragraph('闲过信陵饮,脱剑膝前横。')
document.add_paragraph('将炙啖朱亥,持觞劝侯嬴。')
document.add_paragraph('三杯吐然诺,五岳倒为轻。')
document.add_paragraph('眼花耳热后,意气素霓生。')
document.add_paragraph('救赵挥金槌,邯郸先震惊。')
document.add_paragraph('千秋二壮士,烜赫大梁城。')
document.add_paragraph('纵死侠骨香,不惭世上英。')
document.add_paragraph('谁能书阁下,白首太玄经。')
prior_paragraph_object = paragraph_object.insert_paragraph_before('') # 在paragraph前插入新段落
# 4.建立Run内容
"""
Paragraph是由Run组成,使用add_run()方法可以在Paragraph中插入内容,语法如下:
paragraph_object.add_run('run_content')
"""
run1 = prior_paragraph_object.add_run('*'*13)
run2 = prior_paragraph_object.add_run('%'*13)
# 设置Run的样式
"""
bold: 加粗
italic:斜体
underline:下划线
strike:删除线
"""
run1.bold = True
run2.underline = True
# 设置段落居中对齐
for i in range(len(document.paragraphs)):
document.paragraphs[i].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 居中对齐
# 5.添加换页符
# add_page_break()
document.add_page_break()
# print(len(document.paragraphs))
# 6.插入图片
# add_picture(),调整图片宽高需导入docx.shared模块
document.add_picture('libai.jpeg', width=Pt(200), height=Pt(300))
# 设置居中对齐
document.paragraphs[len(document.paragraphs)-1].alignment = WD_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 居中对齐
# 7.创建表格
"""
add_table(rows=n, cols=m)
"""
table = document.add_table(rows=2, cols=5)
# 添加表格内容
# 添加第1行数据
row = table.rows[0]
row.cells[0].text = '姓名'
row.cells[1].text = '字'
row.cells[2].text = '号'
row.cells[3].text = '所处时代'
row.cells[4].text = '别称'
# 添加第2行数据
row = table.rows[1]
row.cells[0].text = '李白'
row.cells[1].text = '太白'
row.cells[2].text = '青莲居士'
row.cells[3].text = '唐朝'
row.cells[4].text = '诗仙'
# 插入行
new_row = table.add_row() # 增加表格行
new_row.cells[0].text = '白居易'
new_row.cells[1].text = '乐天'
new_row.cells[2].text = '香山居士'
new_row.cells[3].text = '唐朝'
new_row.cells[4].text = '诗魔'
# 插入列
new_column = table.add_column(width=Inches(1)) # 增加表格列
new_column.cells[0].text = '代表作'
new_column.cells[1].text = '《侠客行》、《静夜思》'
new_column.cells[2].text = '《长恨歌》、《琵琶行》'
# 计算表格的rows和cols的长度
rows = len(table.rows)
cols = len(table.columns)
print(f'rows: {rows}')
print(f'columns: {cols}')
# 打印表格内容
# for row in table.rows:
# for cell in row.cells:
# print(cell.text)
# 设置表格样式
# table.style = 'LightShading-Accent1'
# UserWarning: style lookup by style_id is deprecated. Use style name as key instead.
table.style = 'Light Shading Accent 1'
# 循环将每一行,每一列都设置为居中
for r in range(rows):
for c in range(cols):
table.cell(r, c).vertical_alignment = WD_CELL_VERTICAL_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 垂直居中
table.cell(r, c).paragraphs[0].paragraph_format.alignment = WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT.CENTER # 水平居中
# 设置页码
add_page_number(document.sections[0].footer.paragraphs[0])
# 保存文件
document.save('test2.docx')
效果:
