Android学习笔记 36. 网络加载框架OkHttp的同步与异步请求

Android学习笔记

Android常用框架——网络加载框架OkHttp

36. 网络加载框架OkHttp的同步与异步请求

36.1 简介

官方地址

https://github.com/square/okhttp

android网络框架之OKhttp

一个处理网络请求的开源项目,是安卓端最火热的轻量级框架,由移动支付Square公司贡献(该公司还贡献了Picasso) 。

用于替代HttpUrlConnection和Apache HttpClient(android API23 6.0里已移除HttpClient,现在已经打不出来)

36.2 基本配置

引入依赖

最新4.10

同步

服务器

一个开源项目，测试各种请求

https://www.httpbin.org/

清单文件中加上网络权限

36.3 OkHttp基本用法

布局文件

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="getSync"
        android:text="get同步请求"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="getAsync"
        android:text="get异步请求"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="postSync"
        android:text="post同步请求"
        />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="postAsync"
        android:text="post异步请求"
        />

LinearLayout>
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四个按钮

四个点击响应事件：

创建OkhttpClient实例对象

36.4 get同步请求

//get同步请求
public void getSync(View view) {

    new Thread(){
        @Override
        public void run() {
            Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2").build();
            //准备好请求的Call对象
            Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
            try {
                Response response = call.execute();
                Log.e("dingjiaxiong", "getSync: " + response.body().string() );
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }.start();
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运行

36.5 get异步请求

//get异步请求(这个就不需要自己创建线程)
public void getAsync(View view) {

    Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/get?a=1&b=2").build();
    //准备好请求的Call对象
    Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
    call.enqueue(new Callback() {
        @Override
        public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
            if (response.isSuccessful()){
                Log.e("dingjiaxiong", "get异步请求: " + response.body().string() );
            }
        }
    });
}
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运行

36.6 post同步请求

//post同步请求
public void postSync(View view) {

    new Thread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("a", "1").add("b", "2").build();

            Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post")
                    .post(formBody)
                    .build();

            Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
            try {
                Response response = call.execute();
                Log.e("dingjiaxiong", "postSync: " + response.body().string() );
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }).start();

}
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36.7 post异步请求

//post异步请求
public void postAsync(View view) {

    FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder().add("a", "1").add("b", "2").build();

    Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post")
            .post(formBody)
            .build();

    Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
    call.enqueue(new Callback() {
        @Override
        public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {

        }

        @Override
        public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
            Log.e("dingjiaxiong", "post异步请求: " + response.body().string() );
        }
    });

}
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36.8 post请求数据格式

常用的编码方式

https://www.runoob.com/http/http-content-type.html

默认的form表单提交方式，数据被编码为名称/值对，默认类型；

数据被编码为一条消息，一般用于文件上传。

提交二进制数据，如果用于文件上传，只能上传一个文件。

提交json数据。

post上传两个文件测试：

@Test
public void uploadFileTest() throws IOException {
    OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();

    File file1 = new File("D:\\DingJiaxiong\\AndroidStudioProjects\\MyOkhttp\\app\\src\\test\\java\\com\\dingjiaxiong\\myokhttp\\1.txt");
    File file2 = new File("D:\\DingJiaxiong\\AndroidStudioProjects\\MyOkhttp\\app\\src\\test\\java\\com\\dingjiaxiong\\myokhttp\\2.txt");

    MultipartBody multipartBody = new MultipartBody.Builder()
            .addFormDataPart("file1", file1.getName(), RequestBody.create(file1, MediaType.parse("text/plain")))
            .addFormDataPart("file2", file2.getName(), RequestBody.create(file2, MediaType.parse("text/plain")))
            .build();

    Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post").post(multipartBody).build();

    Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
    Response response = call.execute();

    System.out.println(response.body().string());
}
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上传json数据测试

@Test
public void jsonTest() throws IOException {

    OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();

    RequestBody requestBody = RequestBody.create("{\"a\":1,\"b\":2}", MediaType.parse("application/json"));

    Request request = new Request.Builder().url("https://www.httpbin.org/post").post(requestBody).build();

    Call call = okHttpClient.newCall(request);
    Response response = call.execute();

    System.out.println(response.body().string());

}
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