• Linux aarch64交叉编译之 Google filament引擎

    对于filament的编译。该文章的目标是编译一套aarch64 Linux Debian嵌入式版本上可以运行的库，本来想在网上找些现成的，然而 资料少的一13，接下来就开始趟坑。老套路，先把linux桌面版搞好，然后 移植到嵌入式Linux Debian 板子上。

    1 Google filament引擎简介

    Filament 是一个基于物理的实时3D渲染引擎，适用于 Android、iOS、Linux、macOS、Windows 和 WebGL。它被设计为在 Android 上尽可能小且尽可能高效(毕竟是google的亲儿子)。本质上Filament可以理解为OpenGL、Open GLES、Vulkan等的封装，也就是包了一层，同时多了PBR的功能（这是一个很棒的支持）。

    想更多了解filament，查看github：GitHub - google/filament Project 即可。

    2 Linux 本地编译 & 交叉编译

    2.1 Linux（ubuntu20.04）上 filament的编译

    刚开始琢磨了半天filament的各种文档。比如README、BUILDING文档等。编译一套Linux ubuntu 桌面版的还是比较简单的，按照文档的指示，关注以下3个关键软件版本：

    1. - CMake 3.19 (or more recent)
    2. - clang 7.0 (or more recent)
    3. - [ninja 1.10](https://github.com/ninja-build/ninja/wiki/Pre-built-Ninja-packages) (or more recent)

    对于ubuntu20.04的cmake版本默认是3.18，非常蛋疼，就差一点点，然差之毫厘谬以千里，自己搞吧。于是来到cmake官网下载专区（Download | CMake）直接搞个sh的脚本即可，执行后记得配置环境变量，我是在bashrc中添加：

    export PATH=/root/cmake-aarch64/bin/:$PATH

    各位大侠根据自己的实际环境酌情修改即可，然后source 一下。

    接下来开始linux 桌面版的编译之旅了，灰常简单：

    1. #build debug version
    2. CC=/usr/bin/clang CXX=/usr/bin/clang++ ./build.sh -c -a debug
    3. #build release version
    4. CC=/usr/bin/clang CXX=/usr/bin/clang++ ./build.sh -c -a release

    这里要注意啦，有个天坑，不支持GNU C，心理凉了半截，这么弄老子待会儿交叉编译（我的交叉编译器版本全是gnu c的版本）怎么搞阿。。。心中 一万头 c泥m奔腾而过。

    2.2 filament aarch64虚拟机编译

    交叉编译器aarch64是走不通了，全是GNU C的，全军覆没。那咱们就来虚拟机，搞一个aarch64的虚拟机，流程如下：

    1. #创建一个虚拟fs文件系统
    2. $sudo qemu-debootstrap --arch arm64 bullseye /mnt/data/arm64 http://deb.debian.org/debian/
    3. #进入到文件系统
    4. $sudo chroot /mnt/data/arm64/
    5. #退出文件系统
    6. $exit
    7.

    建好了之后呢，还要安装一些软件，当然很多坑是趟过的，为了编译过，必备软件如下（只多不少）：

    1. apt-get -y install libclang-cpp11-dev clang libclang1-9 libclang-dev clang-tools \
    2.  x11proto-xf86vidmode-dev llvm vim tree cmake libc++-11-dev \ 
    3. libc++abi-11-dev libxkbcommon-dev libwayland-dev libpixman-1-dev libinput-dev \ 
    4. libdrm-dev wayland-protocols libcairo2-dev libpango1.0-dev libegl1-mesa-dev \   
    5. libpam0g-dev libx11-xcb-dev libxcb-composite0-dev libxcursor-dev libbsd-dev \
    6. libelf-dev libxshmfence-dev libxxf86vm-dev fonts-noto-cjk llvm-11-dev \
    7. vulkan-utils vulkan-tools npm libvdpau-dev libxv-dev bison byacc flex \
    8. libwayland-egl-backend-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-dri3-dev \
    9. libxcb-present-dev libxrandr-dev libxi-dev

    这里要注意，因为毕竟版本不同会导致软件上有差异，如果发现缺 库 或者 头文件，用apt search和apt-file search 这俩命令检索就可以了。

    接下来，把filament源代码拉到/mnt/data/arm64/root/ 路径下，当然，这里也会出现cmake版本过低的问题，解决方法依然是去官网 下载专区（Download | CMake），这里有aarch64的版本cmake-3.24.0-rc4-linux-aarch64.sh，这里之接下来即可，和desktop版本的s操作一样，配置下环境变量即可使用。到这里整个环境基本上就搞定了，和desktop版本一样，执行如下命令：

    1. #build debug version
    2. CC=/usr/bin/clang CXX=/usr/bin/clang++ ./build.sh -c -a debug
    3. #build release version
    4. CC=/usr/bin/clang CXX=/usr/bin/clang++ ./build.sh -c -a release

    虚拟机上嵌入式版本的编译 速度还是比较慢的，测试后发现在开发板上的编译速度要快2倍多。

    2.3 开发版上直接编译filament

    在开发板上速度快很多，那怎们就来简单说下流程，无非就是把源码搞到开发板上，然后其他的和虚拟机一样，要安装这些：

    1. apt-get -y install libclang-cpp11-dev clang libclang1-9 libclang-dev clang-tools \
    2.  x11proto-xf86vidmode-dev libxxf86vm-dev llvm vim tree cmake libc++-11-dev \ 
    3. libc++abi-11-dev libxkbcommon-dev libwayland-dev libpixman-1-dev libinput-dev \ 
    4. libdrm-dev wayland-protocols libcairo2-dev libpango1.0-dev libegl1-mesa-dev \   
    5. libpam0g-dev libx11-xcb-dev libxcb-composite0-dev libxcursor-dev libbsd-dev \
    6. libelf-dev libxshmfence-dev libxxf86vm-dev fonts-noto-cjk llvm-11-dev \
    7. vulkan-utils vulkan-tools npm libvdpau-dev libxv-dev bison byacc flex \
    8. libwayland-egl-backend-dev libxcb-glx0-dev libxcb-dri2-0-dev libxcb-dri3-dev \
    9. libxcb-present-dev libxrandr-dev libxi-dev

    注意：这里实际是多一个libxxf86vm-dev，因为检索头文件时用到的库对应的软件是不一样的。

    接下来里的流程和模拟器一样，搞完了直接执行关键命令

    1. #build debug version
    2. CC=/usr/bin/clang CXX=/usr/bin/clang++ ./build.sh -c -a debug
    3. #build release version
    4. CC=/usr/bin/clang CXX=/usr/bin/clang++ ./build.sh -c -a release

    完活儿。show一下成功的样子：

    1. [ 95%] Building CXX object samples/CMakeFiles/vbotest.dir/vbotest.cpp.o
    2. [ 95%] Linking CXX executable vbotest
    3. [ 95%] Built target vbotest
    4. [ 95%] Building CXX object samples/CMakeFiles/viewtest.dir/viewtest.cpp.o
    5. [ 95%] Linking CXX executable viewtest
    6. [ 95%] Built target viewtest
    7. [ 95%] Building CXX object tools/cmgen/CMakeFiles/test_cmgen.dir/tests/test_cmgen.cpp.o
    8. [ 95%] Linking CXX executable test_cmgen
    9. [ 95%] Built target test_cmgen
    10. [ 96%] Building CXX object tools/cso-lut/CMakeFiles/cso-lut.dir/src/main.cpp.o
    11. [ 96%] Linking CXX executable cso-lut
    12. [ 96%] Built target cso-lut
    13. [ 96%] Building CXX object tools/glslminifier/CMakeFiles/test_glslminifier.dir/src/GlslMinify.cpp.o
    14. [ 96%] Building CXX object tools/glslminifier/CMakeFiles/test_glslminifier.dir/tests/test_glslminifier.cpp.o
    15. [ 96%] Linking CXX executable test_glslminifier
    16. [ 96%] Built target test_glslminifier
    17. [ 96%] Building CXX object tools/matc/CMakeFiles/test_matc.dir/tests/test_matc.cpp.o
    18. [ 96%] Building CXX object tools/matc/CMakeFiles/test_matc.dir/tests/test_includer.cpp.o
    19. [ 97%] Building CXX object tools/matc/CMakeFiles/test_matc.dir/tests/MockConfig.cpp.o
    20. [ 97%] Linking CXX executable test_matc
    21. [ 97%] Built target test_matc
    22. [ 97%] Building CXX object tools/matinfo/CMakeFiles/matinfo.dir/src/main.cpp.o
    23. [ 97%] Linking CXX executable matinfo
    24. [ 97%] Built target matinfo
    25. [ 97%] Building CXX object tools/normal-blending/CMakeFiles/normal-blending.dir/src/main.cpp.o
    26. [ 97%] Linking CXX executable normal-blending
    27. [ 97%] Built target normal-blending
    28. [ 97%] Building CXX object tools/rgb-to-lmsr/CMakeFiles/rgb-to-lmsr.dir/src/main.cpp.o
    29. [ 98%] Linking CXX executable rgb-to-lmsr
    30. [ 98%] Built target rgb-to-lmsr
    31. [ 98%] Building CXX object tools/roughness-prefilter/CMakeFiles/roughness-prefilter.dir/src/main.cpp.o
    32. [ 98%] Linking CXX executable roughness-prefilter
    33. [ 98%] Built target roughness-prefilter
    34. [100%] Building CXX object tools/specular-color/CMakeFiles/specular-color.dir/src/main.cpp.o
    35. [100%] Linking CXX executable specular-color
    36. [100%] Built target specular-color
    37. Installing release in out/release/filament...
    38. .....
    39. Install the project...
    40. -- Install configuration: "Release"
    41. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libcamutils.a
    42. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/camutils
    43. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/camutils/Bookmark.h
    44. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/camutils/compiler.h
    45. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/camutils/Manipulator.h
    46. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/filament
    47. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/filament/MaterialEnums.h
    48. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/filament/MaterialChunkType.h
    49. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libfilabridge.a
    50. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libfilaflat.a
    51. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libfilameshio.a
    52. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/filameshio/MeshReader.h
    53. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libgeometry.a
    54. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/geometry
    55. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/geometry/SurfaceOrientation.h
    56. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/geometry/Transcoder.h
    57. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libgltfio.a
    58. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libgltfio_core.a
    59. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/lib/aarch64/libuberarchive.a
    60. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/gltfio
    61. -- Installing: /userdata/filament/out/release/filament/include/gltfio/AssetLoader.h
    62. ...
    63. Generating out/filament-release-linux.tgz...
    64. filament/
    65. filament/lib/
    66. filament/lib/aarch64/
    67. filament/lib/aarch64/libbluevk.a
    68. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilament-iblprefilter.a
    69. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilamat_lite.a
    70. filament/lib/aarch64/libdracodec.a
    71. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilaflat.a
    72. filament/lib/aarch64/libbackend.a
    73. filament/lib/aarch64/libuberarchive.a
    74. filament/lib/aarch64/libshaders.a
    75. filament/lib/aarch64/libgltfio_core.a
    76. filament/lib/aarch64/libbluegl.a
    77. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilamat.a
    78. filament/lib/aarch64/libviewer.a
    79. filament/lib/aarch64/libzstd.a
    80. filament/lib/aarch64/libuberzlib.a
    81. filament/lib/aarch64/libbasis_transcoder.a
    82. filament/lib/aarch64/libibl-lite.a
    83. filament/lib/aarch64/libcamutils.a
    84. filament/lib/aarch64/libvkshaders.a
    85. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilabridge.a
    86. filament/lib/aarch64/libmeshoptimizer.a
    87. filament/lib/aarch64/libmatdbg.a
    88. filament/lib/aarch64/libktxreader.a
    89. filament/lib/aarch64/libimage.a
    90. filament/lib/aarch64/libibl.a
    91. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilameshio.a
    92. filament/lib/aarch64/libfilament.a
    93. filament/lib/aarch64/libstb.a
    94. filament/lib/aarch64/libcivetweb.a
    95. filament/lib/aarch64/libutils.a
    96. filament/lib/aarch64/libgeometry.a
    97. filament/lib/aarch64/libsmol-v.a
    98. filament/lib/aarch64/libgltfio.a
    99. filament/LICENSE
    100. filament/README.md
    101. ...

    注意：这里编译debug版本和release版本，对于硬盘的需求还是相差很大的，release版本基本上3个G以内，debug版本13个G不够用。。。

  • 相关阅读:
    如何录制微课？教师必看
    基于STC15单片机两路ADC测量串口显示-proteus仿真-源程序
    esp32之arduino配置下载提速
    Vue组件间的通信【子传父，父传子，同级传递，爷孙传递】
    maven安装及配置（详细版）
    【数据结构与算法】单链表的增删查改（代码+图解）
    图解算法数据结构——数据结构
    数据挖掘 绪论
    二维码智慧门牌管理系统：让城市管理更高效、更便捷
    【Java第十八期】：#用Java模拟实现一个单向不带头不循环的链表
  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/vviccc/article/details/126001634