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k8s集群安装部署单机MySQL（使用StorageClass作为后端存储）
前言：
k8s集群可以快速的部署各种服务，而MySQL作为有状态服务，必须要提供数据持久化存储，说人话就是volume。
在k8s中volume可以是本地目录提供，也可以是动态的由网络存储比如nfs或者块存储服务（比如，ceph，iscsi等等）提供，本文将使用nfs网络存储服务，动态的做这个volume持久化。
环境介绍：
实验环境应该是有一个正常运行的k8s环境，我的k8s版本是1.19.4
- [root@master ~]# k version
- Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"19", GitVersion:"v1.19.4", GitCommit:"d360454c9bcd1634cf4cc52d1867af5491dc9c5f", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-11-11T13:17:17Z", GoVersion:"go1.15.2", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
- Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"19", GitVersion:"v1.19.3", GitCommit:"1e11e4a2108024935ecfcb2912226cedeafd99df", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2020-10-14T12:41:49Z", GoVersion:"go1.15.2", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
集群已经正常运行了
- [root@master ~]# k get po -A
- NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
- database mysql-7c545744db-xzvnl 1/1 Running 2 23h
- database mysql2-5db57c8bc8-xrnz6 1/1 Running 1 13h
- ingress-nginx c7n3-ingress-nginx-controller-kmhz9 1/1 Running 8 5d10h
- ingress-nginx c7n3-ingress-nginx-controller-z84cg 1/1 Running 10 4d13h
- ingress-nginx c7n3-ingress-nginx-defaultbackend-7d64b4f74f-t7q7p 1/1 Running 7 4d
- kube-system coredns-6c76c8bb89-qt6zj 1/1 Running 12 5d15h
- kube-system coredns-6c76c8bb89-r5vhq 1/1 Running 12 5d15h
- kube-system etcd-c7n.gzinfo 1/1 Running 13 6d21h
- kube-system kube-apiserver-c7n.gzinfo 1/1 Running 13 6d21h
- kube-system kube-controller-manager-c7n.gzinfo 1/1 Running 14 6d21h
- kube-system kube-flannel-ds-d8sk8 1/1 Running 8 4d14h
- kube-system kube-flannel-ds-jmnqj 1/1 Running 8 4d13h
- kube-system kube-flannel-ds-lv57p 1/1 Running 15 6d20h
- kube-system kube-proxy-dkxqz 1/1 Running 11 6d21h
- kube-system kube-proxy-llxrd 1/1 Running 14 6d21h
- kube-system kube-proxy-m49g2 1/1 Running 8 4d14h
- kube-system kube-scheduler-c7n.gzinfo 1/1 Running 14 6d21h
集群所用网段是192.168.217.0/24
nfs的配置：
- [root@master ~]# cat /etc/exports
- /data/k8s 10.244.0.0/16(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) 192.168.217.16(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) 192.168.217.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
- /data/nfs-sc 10.244.0.0/16(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) 192.168.217.16(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check) 192.168.217.0/24(rw,no_root_squash,no_subtree_check)
实验步骤：
一，
查询StorageClass的name
- [root@master ~]# k get sc -A
- NAME PROVISIONER RECLAIMPOLICY VOLUMEBINDINGMODE ALLOWVOLUMEEXPANSION AGE
- mynfs mynfs Delete Immediate true 16h
- nfs (default) nfs Delete Immediate true 16h
- nfs-provisioner choerodon.io/nfs-client-provisioner Delete Immediate false 4d8h
- nfs-sc storage.pri/nfs Delete Immediate true 17h
可以看到nfs是我设定的默认StorageClass 名称。详细信息也验证了default是这个，（StorageClass怎么来的这就不说了，现在只说pvc绑定StorageClass）：
- [root@master ~]# k describe sc nfs
- Name: nfs
- IsDefaultClass: Yes
- Annotations: kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration={"allowVolumeExpansion":true,"apiVersion":"storage.k8s.io/v1","kind":"StorageClass","metadata":{"annotations":{},"name":"nfs"},"provisioner":"nfs","reclaimPolicy":"Delete"}
- ,storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class=true
- Provisioner: nfs
- Parameters: <none>
- AllowVolumeExpansion: True
- MountOptions: <none>
- ReclaimPolicy: Delete
- VolumeBindingMode: Immediate
- Events: <none>
二，
建立pvc并与nfs这个默认的StorageClass绑定
- [root@master mysql]# cat pvc_mysql.yaml
- kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
- apiVersion: v1
- metadata:
- name: nfs-pvc-test
- namespace: database
- spec:
- accessModes:
- - ReadWriteOnce
- resources:
- requests:
- storage: 1.5Gi
- storageClassName: nfs
这里需要注意一点，有使用到namespace，因此，namespace需要建立，建立命令为：
k create namespace database三，
建立pv
- [root@master mysql]# cat pv_mysql.yaml
- kind: PersistentVolume
- apiVersion: v1
- metadata:
- name: nfs-pv-test
- spec:
- accessModes:
- - ReadWriteOnce
- capacity:
- storage: 1.5Gi
- persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
- storageClassName: nfs
- nfs:
- path: /data/nfs_sc/nfs-pv-test
- server: 192.168.217.16
这里因为写的path是/data/nfs_sc/nfs-pv-test，因此，需要建立目录 mkdir /data/nfs_sc/nfs-pv-test&&chmod a+x /data/nfs_sc/nfs-pv-test
四，
部署MySQL
- [root@master mysql]# cat deploy_mysql.yaml
- apiVersion: apps/v1
- kind: Deployment
- metadata:
- name: mysql2
- namespace: database
- spec:
- selector:
- matchLabels:
- app: mysql2
- template:
- metadata:
- labels:
- app: mysql2
- spec:
- containers:
- - name: mysql2
- image: mysql:5.7.23
- env:
- - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
- value: "mima"
- ports:
- - containerPort: 3306
- volumeMounts:
- - name: nfs-pvc-test
- mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
- subPath: mysql
- volumes:
- - name: nfs-pvc-test
- persistentVolumeClaim:
- claimName: nfs-pvc-test
五，
将部署的MySQL作为一个服务发布出去，从而可以进行维护
- [root@master mysql]# cat svc_mysql.yaml
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: Service
- metadata:
- name: mysql2
- namespace: database
- spec:
- type: NodePort
- ports:
- - port: 3306
- targetPort: 3306
- nodePort: 32222
- selector:
- app: mysql2
- selector:
- app: mysql2
六，
开始部署，执行顺序没有规定，但最好是按这个来啦
- k apply -f pv_mysql.yaml
- k apply -f pvc_mysql.yaml
- k apply -f deploy_mysql.yaml
- k apply -f svc_mysql.yaml
七，
验证部署是否正确
查看pod
- [root@master mysql]# k get po -A
- NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
- database mysql-7c545744db-xzvnl 1/1 Running 2 24h
- database mysql2-5db57c8bc8-xrnz6 1/1 Running 1 13h
查看端口
- [root@master mysql]# netstat -antup |grep 32222
- tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:32222 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3610/kube-proxy
这个32222端口是由kube-proxy代理发布的，因此，填写任意一个集群内的主机IP都可以访问到MySQL。（我的集群有三个服务器，ip是192.168.217.16/17/18）,随便写哪个IP都可以访问到MySQL。
查看pvc，第二行绑定的是nfs那个默认的
- [root@master mysql]# k get pvc -A
- NAMESPACE NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
- database mysql-pvc-test Bound mysql-pv-test 1Gi RWO nfs-provisioner 47h
- database nfs-pvc-test Bound nfs-pv-test 1536Mi RWO nfs 16h
至此，k8s集群内部署单机MySQL就成功了。
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/alwaysbefine/article/details/125633538