shell脚本实战案例--系统服务脚本

目录

1、源码编译安装nginx

2、分别编写基于RHEL6和RHEL7的脚本。

2.1 RHEL6的nginx系统服务脚本

2.2 RHEL7的nginx系统服务脚本

---

1、源码编译安装nginx

1.首先关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@node13 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@node13 ~]# setenforce 0
2.准备环境（C和C++的编译环境）
[root@node13 ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make
3.下载nginx安装包（或者使用wget直接上传）
链接：http://nginx.org/download/
4.解压安装包
[root@node13 ~]# tar xf nginx-1.22.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
[root@node13 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.22.0/
5.安装依赖项，配置nginx
[root@node13 nginx-1.22.0]# yum install -y pcre-devel zlib-devel
[root@node13 nginx-1.22.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
6.进行编译安装
[root@node13 nginx-1.22.0]# make
[root@node13 nginx-1.22.0]# make install

2、分别编写基于RHEL6和RHEL7的脚本。

2.1 RHEL6的nginx系统服务脚本

【1】编写系统服务脚本（/etc/init.d/nginx）

[root@node13 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx        # 主要修改以下两句

nginx=${NGINX-/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx}
conffile=${CONFFILE-/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf}

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx        Startup script for nginx
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# description: nginx is an HTTP and reverse proxy server
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop nginx
### END INIT INFO
 
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
 
if [ -L $0 ]; then
    initscript=`/bin/readlink -f $0`
else
    initscript=$0
fi
 
sysconfig=`/bin/basename $initscript`
 
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig ]; then
    . /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig
fi
 
nginx=${NGINX-/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx}
prog=`/bin/basename $nginx`
conffile=${CONFFILE-/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/nginx}
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/nginx.pid}
SLEEPMSEC=${SLEEPMSEC-200000}
UPGRADEWAITLOOPS=${UPGRADEWAITLOOPS-5}
RETVAL=0
 
start() {
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
 
    daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} ${nginx} -c ${conffile}
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile}
    return $RETVAL
}
 
stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog}
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
    [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile}
}
 
reload() {
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}
 
upgrade() {
    oldbinpidfile=${pidfile}.oldbin
 
    configtest -q || return
    echo -n $"Starting new master $prog: "
    killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -USR2
    echo
 
    for i in `/usr/bin/seq $UPGRADEWAITLOOPS`; do
        /bin/usleep $SLEEPMSEC
        if [ -f ${oldbinpidfile} -a -f ${pidfile} ]; then
            echo -n $"Graceful shutdown of old $prog: "
            killproc -p ${oldbinpidfile} ${prog} -QUIT
            RETVAL=$?
            echo
            return
        fi
    done
 
    echo $"Upgrade failed!"
    RETVAL=1
}
 
configtest() {
    if [ "$#" -ne 0 ] ; then
        case "$1" in
            -q)
                FLAG=$1
                ;;
            *)
                ;;
        esac
        shift
    fi
    ${nginx} -t -c ${conffile} $FLAG
    RETVAL=$?
    return $RETVAL
}
 
rh_status() {
    status -p ${pidfile} -b ${nginx} ${nginx}
}
 
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 && exit 0
        start
        ;;
    stop)
        stop
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        RETVAL=$?
        ;;
    restart)
        configtest -q || exit $RETVAL
        stop
        start
        ;;
    upgrade)
        rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0
        upgrade
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        if rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1; then
            stop
            start
        fi
        ;;
    force-reload|reload)
        reload
        ;;
    configtest)
        configtest
        ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|upgrade|reload|status|help|configtest}"
        RETVAL=2
esac
 
exit $RETVAL

 【2】修改配置文件（/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf）

# 找到配置以下pid:

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

【3】增加执行权限

[root@node13 init.d]# chmod +x nginx

【4】添加系统服务，设置开机自启动

[root@node13 init.d]# chkconfig --add nginx 
[root@node13 init.d]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@node13 init.d]# chkconfig --list nginx        # 查看服务列表

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

nginx              0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

【5】测试脚本    

[root@node13 init.d]# service nginx start 
Starting nginx (via systemctl):                            [  OK  ]
[root@node13 init.d]# netstat -lnupt | grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      7026/nginx: master  

 在浏览器上输入自己的IP地址，看是否可以访问到nginx首页

 [root@node13 init.d]# service nginx stop        # 停止服务，看能否停止
Stopping nginx (via systemctl):                            [  OK  ]
[root@node13 init.d]# netstat -lnupt | grep 80        # 查看端口

 再次访问浏览器就访问不到了

2.2 RHEL7的nginx系统服务脚本

【1】编写系统服务脚本（/usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service）

[Unit]
Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/rm -f /run/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/sbin/nginx -s reload
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=process
PrivateTmp=true
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

【2】修改配置文件（/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf）

# 找到配置以下pid:

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

【3】增加执行权限

[root@node13 system]# chmod +x nginx.service

【4】测试脚本

[root@node13 system]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@node13 system]# systemctl start nginx
[root@node13 system]# netstat -lnupt | grep 80
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      17196/nginx: master

[root@node13 system]# systemctl stop nginx        
[root@node13 system]# netstat -lnupt | grep 80