【Spring Cloud】如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本

本文描述如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本。

1. 版本选择

我们知道Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本选择一致性非常重要。在选择Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本时，需要考虑到两者之间的关系以及项目的具体需求。

首先，Spring Boot和Spring Cloud有密切的联系。Spring Boot是Spring Cloud的基础，版本选择应该先确定Spring Boot的版本，然后再选择与之兼容的Spring Cloud版本。

3者的版本选择可以参考：Spring Cloud Alibaba版本选择参考。简单起见也可以使用阿里巴巴提供的云原生应用脚手架

其他版本参考：https://sca.aliyun.com/zh-cn/docs/2022.0.0.0/overview/version-explain（先选择Spring Boot版本）

2. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml

• 访问https://start.aliyun.com/

• 填写项目的基本信息

3、选择了3个组件，一个来自Spring Cloud，一个来自Spring Cloud Alibaba，所以会帮我们在pom.xml文件中引入2个框架的依赖。

• 可以选择下载代码或在线浏览代码。我这里把pom.xml文件的内容贴出来。

原始内容如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.firefishgroupId>
    <artifactId>firefishartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <packaging>pompackaging>
    <name>FireFishname>
    <description>火鱼微服务项目description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.7.6spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5spring-cloud.version>
    properties>

    <modules>
        <module>FireFish-startmodule>
        <module>FireFish-webmodule>
        <module>FireFish-servicemodule>
    modules>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discoveryartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-clientartifactId>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.firefishgroupId>
                <artifactId>FireFish-startartifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.firefishgroupId>
                <artifactId>FireFish-webartifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.firefishgroupId>
                <artifactId>FireFish-serviceartifactId>
                <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
            dependency>
        dependencies>
    dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
                <version>3.8.1version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8source>
                    <target>1.8target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8encoding>
                configuration>
            plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplicationmainClass>
                    <skip>trueskip>
                configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackageid>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackagegoal>
                        goals>
                    execution>
                executions>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>
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由于有些内容我们暂时用不到，这里主要是为了帮我们解决版本的选择问题，所以下面我们只保留了元素，且强制给子模块添加了lombok、spring测试框架，所以最终的父项目的pom.xml内容如下：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.firefishgroupId>
    <artifactId>firefishartifactId>
    <version>1.0.0version>
    <packaging>pompackaging>
    <name>FireFishname>
    <description>火鱼微服务项目description>
    
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <spring-boot.version>2.7.6spring-boot.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5spring-cloud.version>
    properties>

    
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
            <optional>trueoptional>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
    
    
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloudgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloudgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependenciesartifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}version>
                <type>pomtype>
                <scope>importscope>
            dependency>
        dependencies>
    dependencyManagement>

    
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-pluginartifactId>
                <version>3.8.1version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8source>
                    <target>1.8target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8encoding>
                configuration>
            plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}version>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplicationmainClass>
                    <skip>trueskip>
                configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>repackageid>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackagegoal>
                        goals>
                    execution>
                executions>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>
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• 至此由于pom.xml的建立，微服务的父工程已经建立好

3. 创建一个父工程

4. 代码地址

父工程的初始化（FireFish-ParentInit）：https://gitee.com/firefish985/FireFish/releases/tag/v1.0.0