• Keeplived安装部署（单机&双机）

    Keeplived官网：https://www.keepalived.org/download.html

    一 、单机安装配置:

    1.上传keepalived安装包并且安装

    1. [root@master1 local]# tar -zxvf keepalived-2.2.8.tar.gz
    2. [root@master1 local]# mv keepalived-2.2.8 keepalived
    3. [root@master1 local]# chown root:root -R keepalived
    4. [root@master1 local]# cd keepalived
    5. [root@master1 keepalived]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
    6. [root@master1 keepalived]# make && make install
    7. [root@master1 keepalived]# ls
    8. aclocal.m4  autogen.sh  bin_install  build_setup  config.log     configure     CONTRIBUTORS  doc         Dockerfile.in  INSTALL     keepalived.spec     lib  Makefile     Makefile.in  README.md  share  TODO
    9. AUTHOR      bin         build-aux    ChangeLog    config.status  configure.ac  COPYING       Dockerfile  etc            keepalived  keepalived.spec.in  m4   Makefile.am  README       sbin       snap   tools

    2.修改配置

    1. [root@master1 keepalived]# cd etc/keepalived/
    2. [root@master1 keepalived]# ls
    3. keepalived.conf.sample  samples
    4. [root@master1 keepalived]# cp keepalived.conf.sample keepalived.conf
    5. [root@master1 keepalived]# ls
    6. keepalived.conf  keepalived.conf.sample  samples

    3.添加系统启动项

    vim /lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service
    1. [Unit]
    2. Description=LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
    3. After=network-online.target syslog.target
    4. Wants=network-online.target
    5. Documentation=man:keepalived(8)
    6. Documentation=man:keepalived.conf(5)
    7. Documentation=man:genhash(1)
    8. Documentation=https://keepalived.org
    9.  
    10. [Service]
    11. Type=forking
    12. PIDFile=/run/keepalived.pid
    13. KillMode=process
    14. EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived
    15. ExecStart=/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived  $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS
    16. ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
    17.  
    18. [Install]
    19. WantedBy=multi-user.target
    1. 重新加载配置：
    2. systemctl daemon-reload
    3.  
    4. 设置开机启动：
    5. cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /etc/init.d/keepalived
    6. systemctl enable keepalived
    7.  
    8. 启动命令：
    9. systemctl start keepalived
    10. systemctl status keepalived
    11. systemctl restart keepalived

    启动和相关报错：

    报错1：

     WARNING - this build will not support IPVS with IPv6. Please install libnl/libnl-3 dev libraries to support IPv6 with IPVS.

    解决：

    yum -y install libnl libnl-devel

    报错2：

    1. [root@master1 etc]# systemctl start keepalived
    2. [root@master1 keepalived]# systemctl status keepalived
    3. ● keepalived.service - LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor
    4.    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/keepalived.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
    5.    Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 四 2023-10-19 18:05:36 CST; 3s ago
    6.      Docs: man:keepalived(8)
    7.            man:keepalived.conf(5)
    8.            man:genhash(1)
    9.            https://keepalived.org
    10.   Process: 110509 ExecStart=/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived $KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    11.  Main PID: 110510 (code=exited, status=2)
    12.     Tasks: 0
    13.    Memory: 0B
    14.    CGroup: /system.slice/keepalived.service
    15.  
    16. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived[110510]: NOTICE: setting config option max_auto_priority should result in better keepalived performance
    17. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived[110510]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=110511
    18. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived[110510]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=110512
    19. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110511]: Initializing ipvs
    20. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 systemd[1]: keepalived.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=2/INVALIDARGUMENT
    21. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 systemd[1]: Unit keepalived.service entered failed state.
    22. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 systemd[1]: keepalived.service failed.
    23. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110511]: Gained quorum 1+0=1 <= 1 for VS [192.168.200.100]:tcp:443
    24. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110511]: Gained quorum 1+0=1 <= 2 for VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
    25. 10月 19 18:05:36 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110511]: Gained quorum 1+0=1 <= 2 for VS [10.10.10.3]:tcp:1358

    解决：需要修改虚拟ip等配置

    1. [root@master1 keepalived]# tail -f /var/log/messages
    2.  
    3. Oct 19 18:07:04 master1 grafana: logger=plugins.update.checker t=2023-10-19T18:07:04.752278809+08:00 level=info msg="Update check succeeded" duration=6.432745249s
    4. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 systemd: Starting LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor...
    5. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: Starting Keepalived v2.2.8 (04/04,2023), git commit v2.2.7-154-g292b299e+
    6. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: Running on Linux 3.10.0-1160.76.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Aug 10 16:21:17 UTC 2022 (built for Linux 3.10.0)
    7. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: Command line: '/usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived' '-D'
    8. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: Opening file '/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf'.
    9. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: Configuration file /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
    10. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 systemd: Started LVS and VRRP High Availability Monitor.
    11. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: (Line 15) WARNING - number '0' outside range [0.000001, 4294.967295]
    12. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: (Line 15) vrrp_garp_interval '0' is invalid
    13. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: (Line 16) WARNING - number '0' outside range [0.000001, 4294.967295]
    14. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110735]: (Line 16) vrrp_gna_interval '0' is invalid
    15. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110736]: NOTICE: setting config option max_auto_priority should result in better keepalived performance
    16. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110736]: Starting Healthcheck child process, pid=110737
    17. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110736]: Starting VRRP child process, pid=110738
    18. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_vrrp[110738]: Registering Kernel netlink reflector
    19. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 systemd: keepalived.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=2/INVALIDARGUMENT
    20. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_vrrp[110738]: Registering Kernel netlink command channel
    21. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 systemd: Unit keepalived.service entered failed state.
    22. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_vrrp[110738]: (/usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf: Line 21) WARNING - interface eth0 for vrrp_instance VI_1 doesn't exist
    23. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 systemd: keepalived.service failed.
    24. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_vrrp[110738]: Non-existent interface specified in configuration
    25. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_vrrp[110738]: Stopped - used 0.000000 user time, 0.001848 system time
    26. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110736]: pid 110738 exited with permanent error CONFIG. Terminating
    27. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Gained quorum 1+0=1 <= 1 for VS [192.168.200.100]:tcp:443
    28. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Gained quorum 1+0=1 <= 2 for VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
    29. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110736]: CPU usage (self/children) user: 0.000000/0.000000 system: 0.001606/0.002565
    30. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived[110736]: Stopped Keepalived v2.2.8 (04/04,2023), git commit v2.2.7-154-g292b299e+
    31. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Gained quorum 1+0=1 <= 2 for VS [10.10.10.3]:tcp:1358
    32. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.201.100]:tcp:443 for VS [192.168.200.100]:tcp:443
    33. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.2]:tcp:1358 for VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
    34. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.3]:tcp:1358 for VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
    35. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.4]:tcp:1358 for VS [10.10.10.3]:tcp:1358
    36. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Activating healthchecker for service [192.168.200.5]:tcp:1358 for VS [10.10.10.3]:tcp:1358
    37. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Shutting down service [192.168.201.100]:tcp:443 from VS [192.168.200.100]:tcp:443
    38. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Shutting down service [192.168.200.2]:tcp:1358 from VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
    39. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Shutting down service [192.168.200.3]:tcp:1358 from VS [10.10.10.2]:tcp:1358
    40. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Shutting down service [192.168.200.4]:tcp:1358 from VS [10.10.10.3]:tcp:1358
    41. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Shutting down service [192.168.200.5]:tcp:1358 from VS [10.10.10.3]:tcp:1358
    42. Oct 19 18:07:06 master1 Keepalived_healthcheckers[110737]: Stopped - used 0.001620 user time, 0.001620 system time
    [root@master1 keepalived]# vim keepalived.conf
    1. ! Configuration File for keepalived
    2.  
    3. global_defs {
    4.    notification_email {
    5.      acassen@firewall.loc
    6.      failover@firewall.loc
    7.      sysadmin@firewall.loc
    8.    }
    9.    notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
    10.    smtp_server 192.168.200.1
    11.    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    12.    router_id LVS_DEVEL
    13.    vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
    14.    vrrp_strict
    15.    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    16.    vrrp_gna_interval 0
    17. }
    18.  
    19. vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    20.     state MASTER  #单机就直接master，如果有备份机，备份机需要改成BACKUP
    21.     interface ens32 #这个是根据ip address来的，就是本机的网卡名称
    22.     virtual_router_id 51
    23.     priority 100  #优先级
    24.     advert_int 1
    25.     authentication {
    26.         auth_type PASS
    27.         auth_pass 1111
    28.     }
    29.     virtual_ipaddress {
    30.         10.10.10.33 #这个地址是根据原来机器的ip来的，比如原ip：10.10.10.10，虚拟ip写成10.10.10.33或其他的，还可以配置多个虚拟ip，注意：如果有备份机，备份机也要和master配置是一样的
    31.         10.10.10.34
    32.         10.10.10.35
    33.     }
    34. }

    测试：

    1.需要安装nginx并且配置(nginx自己安装)

    1. [root@master1 conf]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html
    2. [root@master1 html]# vim test.html
    3. this is a test url!
    4.  
    vim nginx.conf

     测试结果：

     二 、高可用安装配置:

    在第二台机器上也安装keepalived，作为备份机（安装方法在上面）
    第一台安装的作为主机

    主机配置文件：

    1. ! Configuration File for keepalived
    2.  
    3. global_defs {
    4.    notification_email {
    5.      acassen@firewall.loc
    6.      failover@firewall.loc
    7.      sysadmin@firewall.loc
    8.    }
    9.    notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
    10.    smtp_server 192.168.200.1
    11.    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    12.    router_id LVS_DEVEL
    13.    vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
    14.    vrrp_strict
    15.    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    16.    vrrp_gna_interval 0
    17. }
    18.  
    19. vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    20.     state MASTER
    21.     interface ens32
    22.     virtual_router_id 51
    23.     priority 100 #主机优先级是100
    24.     advert_int 1
    25.     authentication {
    26.         auth_type PASS
    27.         auth_pass 1111
    28.     }
    29.     virtual_ipaddress {
    30.         10.10.10.33
    31.     }
    32. }

    备份机配置文件：

    1. ! Configuration File for keepalived
    2.  
    3. global_defs {
    4.    notification_email {
    5.      acassen@firewall.loc
    6.      failover@firewall.loc
    7.      sysadmin@firewall.loc
    8.    }
    9.    notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
    10.    smtp_server 192.168.200.1
    11.    smtp_connect_timeout 30
    12.    router_id LVS_DEVEL
    13.    vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
    14.    vrrp_strict
    15.    vrrp_garp_interval 0
    16.    vrrp_gna_interval 0
    17. }
    18.  
    19. vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    20.     state BACKUP
    21.     interface ens32
    22.     virtual_router_id 51
    23.     priority 50 #备份机优先级改为50
    24.     advert_int 1
    25.     authentication {
    26.         auth_type PASS
    27.         auth_pass 1111
    28.     }
    29.     virtual_ipaddress {
    30.         10.10.10.33
    31.     }
    32. }

    测试：

    正常情况

    master:

    backup: 

    1.停掉master上的keeplived，查看backup上的请情况
    正常：停掉master上的keepalived虚拟ip会跳到backup上

    2.启动master上的keepalived，看backup上的情况

    正常：启动master上的keepalived后，backup的虚拟ip会回到master上

    master：

    backup：

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_46627652/article/details/133947510