1.分配struct cdev对象空间
2.初始化struct cdev对象
3.注册cdev对象
1.分配字符设备驱动对象
2.字符设备驱动对象初始化
3.设备号的申请
4.根据申请的设备号和驱动对象注册驱动
1.应用层打开文件系统中的存在文件,会有inode号,且系统内核中就会存在一个inode对象(struct inode)保存文件相关信息
2.inode对象里字符设备结构体成员(struct cdev)里,有操作方法结构体成员(struct file_operations *ops)
3.操作方法结构体中会调用VFS(虚拟文件系统层)中sys_open()得到文件描述符,申请file对象并填充,根据路线再回调驱动中的open操作方法
1.因为文件描述符依赖进程存在,只要进程加载到系统上,系统内核就存在task_struct对象描述进程信息
2.在进程里打开一个文件,内核就会存在一个struct file对象,用于保存打开文件的信息
3.struct file对象的成员里fd_array数组保存的每个成员是打开的文件的相关信息
4.数组每个成员都是struct file类型,存储的是打开文件的相关信息,里面有操作方法结构体(驱动中的操作方法)去驱使硬件实现特定功能
- #include <linux/init.h>
- #include <linux/module.h>
- #include<linux/cdev.h>
- #include<linux/fs.h>
- #include<linux/device.h>
- #include<linux/uaccess.h>
- #include<linux/slab.h>
- #include<linux/io.h>
- #include"head.h"
-
- struct cdev* cdev;
- unsigned int major=0;
- unsigned int minor=0;
- dev_t devno;
- module_param(major,uint,0664);
- struct class* cls;
- struct device* dev;
- gpio_t *vir_led1;
- gpio_t *vir_led2;
- gpio_t *vir_led3;
- unsigned int *vir_rcc;
- //封装操作的方法
- int mycdev_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- int min=MINOR(inode->i_rdev);
- file->private_data=(void *)min;
- printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
- return 0;
- }
- long mydev_ioctl(struct file* file,unsigned int cmd,unsigned long arg)
- {
- int min=(int)file->private_data;
- switch(min)
- {
- case 0: //控制LED1
- switch(cmd)
- {
- case LED_ON: //开灯
- vir_led1->ODR |= 1<<10;
- break;
- case LED_OFF: //关灯
- vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
- break;
- }
- break;
- case 1: //控制LED2
- switch(cmd)
- {
- case LED_ON: //开灯
- vir_led2->ODR |= 1<<10;
- break;
- case LED_OFF: //关灯
- vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
- break;
- }
- break;
- case 2: //控制LED3
- switch(cmd)
- {
- case LED_ON: //开灯
- vir_led3->ODR |= 1<<8;
- break;
- case LED_OFF: //关灯
- vir_led3->ODR &= (~(1<<8));
- break;
- }
- break;
- }
- return 0;
- }
-
- int mycdev_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
- {
- printk("%s:%s:%d\n",__FILE__,__func__,__LINE__);
- return 0;
- }
-
- //定义操作方法结构体变量并赋值
- struct file_operations fops={
-
- .open=mycdev_open,
- .unlocked_ioctl=mydev_ioctl,
- .release=mycdev_close,
- };
-
- int all_led_init(void)
- {
- //寄存器地址的映射
- vir_led1=ioremap(PHY_LED1_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
- if(vir_led1==NULL)
- {
- printk("ioremap filed:%d\n",__LINE__);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- vir_led2=ioremap(PHY_LED2_ADDR,sizeof(gpio_t));
- if(vir_led2==NULL)
- {
- printk("ioremap filed:%d\n",__LINE__);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- vir_led3=vir_led1;
- vir_rcc=ioremap(PHY_RCC_ADDR,4);
- if(vir_rcc==NULL)
- {
- printk("ioremap filed:%d\n",__LINE__);
- return -ENOMEM;
- }
- printk("物理地址映射成功\n");
- //寄存器的初始化
- //rcc
- (*vir_rcc) |= (3<<4);
- //led1
- vir_led1->MODER &= (~(3<<20));
- vir_led1->MODER |= (1<<20);
- vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
- //led2
- vir_led2->MODER &= (~(3<<20));
- vir_led2->MODER |= (1<<20);
- vir_led2->ODR &= (~(1<<10));
- //led3
- vir_led3->MODER &= (~(3<<16));
- vir_led1->MODER |= (1<<16);
- vir_led1->ODR &= (~(1<<8));
- printk("寄存器初始化成功\n");
-
- return 0;
- }
-
- static int __init mycdev_init(void)
- {
- int ret;
- //为字符设备驱动对象申请空间
- cdev=cdev_alloc();
- if(cdev==NULL)
- {
- printk("字符设备驱动对象申请空间失败\n");
- ret=-EFAULT;
- goto out1;
- }
- printk("申请对象空间成功\n");
- //初始化字符设备驱动对象
- cdev_init(cdev,&fops);
- //申请设备号
- if(major>0)//静态指定设备号
- {
- ret=register_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3,"myled");
- if(ret)
- {
- printk("静态申请设备号失败\n");
- goto out2;
- }
- }
- else if(major==0)//动态申请设备号
- {
- ret=alloc_chrdev_region(&devno,minor,3,"myled");
- if(ret)
- {
- printk("动态申请设备号失败\n");
- goto out2;
- }
- major=MAJOR(devno);//获取主设备号
- minor=MINOR(devno);//获取次设备号
-
- }
- printk("申请设备号成功\n");
- //注册字符设备驱动对象
- ret=cdev_add(cdev,MKDEV(major,minor),3);
- if(ret)
- {
- printk("注册字符设备驱动对象失败\n");
- goto out3;
- }
- printk("注册字符设备驱动对象成功\n");
-
- //寄存器映射以及初始化
- all_led_init();
-
- //向上提交目录信息
- cls=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"myled");
- if(IS_ERR(cls))
- {
- printk("向上提交目录失败\n");
- ret=-PTR_ERR(cls);
- goto out4;
- }
- printk("向上提交目录成功\n");
- //向上提交设备节点信息
- int i;
- for(i=0;i<3;i++)
- {
- dev=device_create(cls,NULL,MKDEV(major,i),NULL,"myled%d",i);
- if(IS_ERR(dev))
- {
- printk("向上提交设备节点信息失败\n");
- ret=-PTR_ERR(dev);
- goto out5;
- }
- }
- printk("向上提交设备信息成功\n");
- return 0;
- out5:
- //释放前一次提交成功的设备信息
- for(--i;i>=0;i--)
- {
- device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
- }
- class_destroy(cls);//释放目录
- out4:
- cdev_del(cdev);
- out3:
- unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3);
- out2:
- kfree(cdev);
- out1:
- return ret;
-
-
-
- }
- static void __exit mycdev_exit(void)
- {
- //取消地址映射
- iounmap(vir_led1);
- iounmap(vir_led2);
- iounmap(vir_rcc);
- //释放节点信息
- int i;
- for(i=0;i<3;i++)
- {
- device_destroy(cls,MKDEV(major,i));
- }
- //销毁目录
- class_destroy(cls);
- //注销驱动对象
- cdev_del(cdev);
- //释放设备号
- unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(major,minor),3);
- //释放对象空间
- kfree(cdev);
-
- }
- module_init(mycdev_init);
- module_exit(mycdev_exit);
- MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <sys/ioctl.h>
- #include "head.h"
- int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
- {
- char buf[128] = "";
- int a;
- int fd;
- while (1)
- {
- printf("请选择要打开的灯(1,2,3)\n");
- scanf(" %d", &a);
- switch (a)
- {
- case 1:
- fd = open("/dev/myled0", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("设备文件打开失败\n");
- exit(-1);
- }
- printf("打开文件myled0成功\n");
- break;
- case 2:
- fd = open("/dev/myled1", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("设备文件打开失败\n");
- exit(-1);
- }
- printf("打开文件myled1成功\n");
- break;
- case 3:
- fd = open("/dev/myled2", O_RDWR);
- if (fd < 0)
- {
- printf("设备文件打开失败\n");
- exit(-1);
- }
- printf("打开文件myled2成功\n");
- break;
- default:
- printf("请输入范围内的数\n");
- }
-
- int b;
- printf("请开灯关灯(0/1)\n");
- scanf(" %d",&b);
- switch(b)
- {
- case 1:
- ioctl(fd,LED_ON);
- break;
- case 0:
- ioctl(fd,LED_OFF);
- break;
- default:
- printf("请输入'0'或'1'\n");
- }
- close(fd);
- printf("关闭文件\n");
- }
-
- return 0;
- }
- #ifndef __HEAD_H__
- #define __HEAD_H__
- typedef struct{
- unsigned int MODER;
- unsigned int OTYPER;
- unsigned int OSPEEDR;
- unsigned int PUPDR;
- unsigned int IDR;
- unsigned int ODR;
- }gpio_t;
- #define PHY_LED1_ADDR 0X50006000
- #define PHY_LED2_ADDR 0X50007000
- #define PHY_LED3_ADDR 0X50006000
- #define PHY_RCC_ADDR 0X50000A28
-
- //构建LED开关功能码
- #define LED_ON _IO('l',1)
- #define LED_OFF _IO('l',0)
- #endif
