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【树莓派不吃灰】基础篇⑲ 搭建usb摄像头MJPG-streamer图片流监控，支持远程视频监控访问
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1. 前言
家里刚好有一个闲置好几年的usb摄像头，想着如何把它也接入到树莓派中来，直接开整。
2. 识别摄像头
usb摄像头插入树莓派usb插口，输入命令：
lsusb
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ lsusb Bus 001 Device 004: ID 13d3:784b IMC Networks XHC Camera Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Microchip Technology, Inc. (formerly SMSC) SMC9514 Hub Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub pi@raspberrypi:~ $- 1
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识别到了 IMC Networks XHC Camera 摄像头。
3. MJPG-streamer方案
简单地说，MJPG-Streamer 是一个
JPEG 文件的传输流。它最常用的用途就是采集摄像头的数据，然后启动 http server，用户就可以通过浏览器查看图像数据了（多个连续图片不断展示就人眼上感觉就是视频）。3.1 什么是 MJPG？
Motion JPEG，简称 MJPG。JPEG是静态图片的编码格式。
MJPG 是动态的视频编码格式，可以简单地理解：MJPG 就是把多个 JPEG 图片连续显示出来。仔细一想，跟ESP32-CAM的视频图片流设计思路不谋而合。
3.2 MJPG 的优点？
很多摄像头本身就支持 JPEG、MJPG，所以处理器不需要做太多处理。一般的
低性能处理器就可以传输 MJPG 视频流。3.2 MJPG 的缺点？
MJPG只是多个 JPEG 图片的组合，它不考虑前后两帧数据的变化，总是传输一帧完整的图像，传输带宽要求高。H264等真正的视频格式，会考虑前后两帧数据的变化，只传输变化的数据，传输带宽要求低。其次，
MJPG-Streamer已经多年不更新了。4. 搭建usb摄像头监控
4.1 开启树莓派摄像头开关
输入命令
sudo raspi-config
4.2 查看设备文件
输入命令
ls /dev/video*
pi@raspberrypi:/ $ ls /dev/video* /dev/video0 /dev/video11 /dev/video14 /dev/video18 /dev/video22 /dev/video1 /dev/video12 /dev/video15 /dev/video20 /dev/video23 /dev/video10 /dev/video13 /dev/video16 /dev/video21 /dev/video31 pi@raspberrypi:/ $ ^C- 1
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4.3 安装必要的库
输入命令
sudo apt-get install subversion libjpeg9-dev imagemagick libv4l-dev cmake git
pi@raspberrypi:/ $ sudo apt-get install subversion libjpeg9-dev imagemagick libv4l-dev cmake git Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree... Done Reading state information... Done git is already the newest version (1:2.30.2-1). imagemagick is already the newest version (8:6.9.11.60+dfsg-1.3). libjpeg9-dev is already the newest version (1:9b-1). libv4l-dev is already the newest version (1.20.0-2). subversion is already the newest version (1.14.1-3+deb11u1). cmake is already the newest version (3.18.4-2+rpt1+rpi1+deb11u1). 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 47 not upgraded. pi@raspberrypi:/ $- 1
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4.4 下载 mjpg-streamer 安装文件
输入命令
sudo git clone https://github.com/jacksonliam/mjpg-streamer.git
pi@raspberrypi:/ $ sudo git clone https://github.com/jacksonliam/mjpg-streamer.git Cloning into 'mjpg-streamer'... remote: Enumerating objects: 2964, done. remote: Total 2964 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 2964 Receiving objects: 100% (2964/2964), 3.48 MiB | 59.00 KiB/s, done. Resolving deltas: 100% (1885/1885), done. pi@raspberrypi:/ $- 1
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4.5 切换到 /mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental 下编译
切换到目标目录后输入命令：
sudo make all
pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $ sudo make all [ -d _build ] || mkdir _build [ -f _build/Makefile ] || (cd _build && cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release ..) make -C _build make[1]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[2]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 4%] Building C object CMakeFiles/mjpg_streamer.dir/mjpg_streamer.c.o [ 8%] Building C object CMakeFiles/mjpg_streamer.dir/utils.c.o [ 13%] Linking C executable mjpg_streamer make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 13%] Built target mjpg_streamer make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 17%] Building C object plugins/input_file/CMakeFiles/input_file.dir/input_file.c.o [ 21%] Linking C shared library input_file.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 21%] Built target input_file make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 26%] Building C object plugins/input_http/CMakeFiles/input_http.dir/input_http.c.o [ 30%] Building C object plugins/input_http/CMakeFiles/input_http.dir/misc.c.o [ 34%] Building C object plugins/input_http/CMakeFiles/input_http.dir/mjpg-proxy.c.o [ 39%] Linking C shared library input_http.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 39%] Built target input_http make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 43%] Building C object plugins/input_uvc/CMakeFiles/input_uvc.dir/dynctrl.c.o [ 47%] Building C object plugins/input_uvc/CMakeFiles/input_uvc.dir/input_uvc.c.o [ 52%] Building C object plugins/input_uvc/CMakeFiles/input_uvc.dir/jpeg_utils.c.o [ 56%] Building C object plugins/input_uvc/CMakeFiles/input_uvc.dir/v4l2uvc.c.o [ 60%] Linking C shared library input_uvc.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 60%] Built target input_uvc make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 65%] Building C object plugins/output_file/CMakeFiles/output_file.dir/output_file.c.o [ 69%] Linking C shared library output_file.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 69%] Built target output_file make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 73%] Building C object plugins/output_http/CMakeFiles/output_http.dir/httpd.c.o [ 78%] Building C object plugins/output_http/CMakeFiles/output_http.dir/output_http.c.o [ 82%] Linking C shared library output_http.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 82%] Built target output_http make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 86%] Building C object plugins/output_rtsp/CMakeFiles/output_rtsp.dir/output_rtsp.c.o [ 91%] Linking C shared library output_rtsp.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 91%] Built target output_rtsp make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 95%] Building C object plugins/output_udp/CMakeFiles/output_udp.dir/output_udp.c.o [100%] Linking C shared library output_udp.so make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [100%] Built target output_udp make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $- 1
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等待一会等待编译成功。
这里有几个地方需要注意一下。
4.6 安装
输入命令
sudo make install
pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $ sudo make install make -C _build install make[1]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[2]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 13%] Built target mjpg_streamer make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 21%] Built target input_file make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 39%] Built target input_http make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 60%] Built target input_uvc make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 69%] Built target output_file make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 82%] Built target output_http make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [ 91%] Built target output_rtsp make[3]: Entering directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' make[3]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' [100%] Built target output_udp make[2]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' Install the project... -- Install configuration: "Release" -- Installing: /usr/local/bin/mjpg_streamer -- Set runtime path of "/usr/local/bin/mjpg_streamer" to "/usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer" -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/control.htm -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/java_simple.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/static_simple.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/jquery.rotate.js -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/java.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/favicon.ico -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/javascript_simple.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/example.jpg -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/jquery.ui.custom.css -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/fix.css -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/index.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/javascript_motiondetection.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/videolan.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/LICENSE.txt -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/JQuerySpinBtn.css -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/style.css -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/stream.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/favicon.png -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/bodybg.gif -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/jquery.ui.widget.min.js -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/stream_simple.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/jquery.js -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/spinbtn_updn.gif -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/javascript.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/jquery.ui.tabs.min.js -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/static.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/functions.js -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/JQuerySpinBtn.js -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/sidebarbg.gif -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/rotateicons.png -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/java_control.html -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/cambozola.jar -- Up-to-date: /usr/local/share/mjpg-streamer/www/jquery.ui.core.min.js -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/input_file.so -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/input_http.so -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/input_uvc.so -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/output_file.so -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/output_http.so -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/output_rtsp.so -- Installing: /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/output_udp.so make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/_build' pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $- 1
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这里面可以关注几个信息：
- html、js、css等等文件。意味着
我们可以自定义效果。这里其实就是构造了一个http web服务器。 - /usr/local/lib/mjpg-streamer/ 下面包括了输入和输出文件。
4.7 开启摄像头图片流功能，并建立http服务器
输入命令：
./mjpg_streamer -i "./input_uvc.so -r 1920 x 1080 -f 30 " -o “./output_http.so -w ./www”
MJPG-Streamer 将图像的来源视为输入，将图像的展示视为输出。
每一种输入或输出是都抽象为一个插件。
上面的例子中：-i 指定输入的插件为input_uvc.so，此插件会从摄像头中采集图像。-r 指定分辨率（可以根据自己摄像头的参数来调整，但是外网来说分辨率越大数据流量越大，需要考虑）、-f 指定 fps。-o 指定输出的插件为output_http.so，此插件会启动一个 http server。输入参数：
mjpg_streamer -i 'input_uvc.so [options]' --------------------------------------------------------------- Help for input plugin..: UVC webcam grabber --------------------------------------------------------------- The following parameters can be passed to this plugin: [-d | --device ].......: video device to open (your camera) [-r | --resolution ]...: the resolution of the video device, can be one of the following strings: QSIF QCIF CGA QVGA CIF VGA SVGA XGA SXGA or a custom value like the following example: 640x480 [-f | --fps ]..........: frames per second (activates YUYV format, disables MJPEG) [-m | --minimum_size ].: drop frames smaller then this limit, useful if the webcam produces small-sized garbage frames may happen under low light conditions [-e | --every_frame ]..: drop all frames except numbered [-n | --no_dynctrl ]...: do not initalize dynctrls of Linux-UVC driver [-l | --led ]..........: switch the LED "on", "off", let it "blink" or leave it up to the driver using the value "auto" --------------------------------------------------------------- [-t | --tvnorm ] ......: set TV-Norm pal, ntsc or secam --------------------------------------------------------------- Optional parameters (may not be supported by all cameras): [-br ].................: Set image brightness (auto or integer) [-co ].................: Set image contrast (integer) [-sh ].................: Set image sharpness (integer) [-sa ].................: Set image saturation (integer) [-cb ].................: Set color balance (auto or integer) [-wb ].................: Set white balance (auto or integer) [-ex ].................: Set exposure (auto, shutter-priority, aperature-priority, or integer) [-bk ].................: Set backlight compensation (integer) [-rot ]................: Set image rotation (0-359) [-hf ].................: Set horizontal flip (true/false) [-vf ].................: Set vertical flip (true/false) [-pl ].................: Set power line filter (disabled, 50hz, 60hz, auto) [-gain ]...............: Set gain (auto or integer) [-cagc ]...............: Set chroma gain control (auto or integer) ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1
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输出参数：
mjpg_streamer [input plugin options] -o 'output_http.so [options]' --------------------------------------------------------------- The following parameters can be passed to this plugin: [-w | --www ]...........: folder that contains webpages in flat hierarchy (no subfolders) [-p | --port ]..........: TCP port for this HTTP server [-l ] --listen ]........: Listen on Hostname / IP [-c | --credentials ]...: ask for "username:password" on connect [-n | --nocommands ]....: disable execution of commands ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1
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执行命令：
pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $ ./mjpg_streamer -i "./input_uvc.so -r 1920x1080 -f 30 " -o "./output_http.so -w ./www" MJPG Streamer Version: git rev: 310b29f4a94c46652b20c4b7b6e5cf24e532af39 i: Using V4L2 device.: /dev/video0 i: Desired Resolution: 1920 x 1080 i: Frames Per Second.: 30 i: Format............: JPEG i: TV-Norm...........: DEFAULT i: The specified resolution is unavailable, using: width 640 height 480 instead UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Pan (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Tilt (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Pan Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Pan/tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Focus (absolute): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Pan (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Tilt (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Pan Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Pan/tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Focus (absolute): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at LED1 Mode: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at LED1 Frequency: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Disable video processing: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Raw bits per pixel: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) o: www-folder-path......: ./www/ o: HTTP TCP port........: 8080 o: HTTP Listen Address..: (null) o: username:password....: disabled o: commands.............: enabled- 1
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这里告诉我了默认端口是
8080.4.8 输入 http://树莓派ip:8080/stream_simple.html
这里博主拍到桌面上的一本书籍。5. 设置开机自启动
我们看看安装目录有什么文件？
pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $ ls -al total 336 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Nov 12 09:40 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 12 07:22 .. drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 12 09:40 _build drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 12 07:22 cmake -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2701 Nov 12 07:22 CMakeLists.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 596 Nov 12 07:22 Dockerfile -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 116 Nov 12 07:22 docker-start.sh -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17976 Nov 12 09:40 input_file.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18656 Nov 12 09:40 input_http.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 50920 Nov 12 09:40 input_uvc.so -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17987 Nov 12 07:22 LICENSE -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 510 Nov 12 07:22 makedeb.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 772 Nov 12 07:22 Makefile -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18344 Nov 12 09:40 mjpg_streamer -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15782 Nov 12 07:22 mjpg_streamer.c -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3695 Nov 12 07:22 mjpg_streamer.h -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 285 Nov 12 07:22 mjpg_streamer@.service -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18800 Nov 12 09:40 output_file.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 40036 Nov 12 09:40 output_http.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13324 Nov 12 09:40 output_rtsp.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17808 Nov 12 09:40 output_udp.so drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4096 Nov 12 07:22 plugins -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 57 Nov 12 07:22 postinstall.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1350 Nov 12 07:22 README.md drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 12 07:22 scripts -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5117 Nov 12 07:22 start.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 330 Nov 12 07:22 TODO -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4659 Nov 12 07:22 utils.c -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5137 Nov 12 07:22 utils.h drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 12 07:22 www pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $- 1
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里面有一个很重要的
mjpg_streamer@.service。如果看过前面章节的同学潜意识估计就知道它是做什么的了。
查看一下该文件：[Unit] Description=A server for streaming Motion-JPEG from a video capture device After=network.target [Service] User=mjpg_streamer ExecStart=/usr/bin/mjpg_streamer -i 'input_uvc.so -d /dev/%I' -o 'output_http.so -w /usr/share/mjpg_str> [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target- 1
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没错，就是关于服务启动相关的。我们需要对它进行修改。我们再看看我们上面的启动命令：
> ./mjpg_streamer -i "./input_uvc.so -r 1920 x 1080 -f 30 " -o "./output_http.so -w ./www"- 1
我们得想办法（
写脚本）把它写在service里面。5.1 创建脚本
sudo touch mjpg_start.sh
sudo nano mjpg_start.sh输入脚本内容：
#!/bin/sh cd /home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental ./mjpg_streamer -i "./input_uvc.so -r 1920x1080 -f 30 " -o "./output_http.so -w ./www"- 1
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保存成功，记得修改好文件可执行权限。sudo chmod 777 mjpg_start.sh
5.2 测试脚本
pi@raspberrypi:~/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental $ sh mjpg_start.sh MJPG Streamer Version: git rev: 310b29f4a94c46652b20c4b7b6e5cf24e532af39 i: Using V4L2 device.: /dev/video0 i: Desired Resolution: 1920 x 1080 i: Frames Per Second.: 30 i: Format............: JPEG i: TV-Norm...........: DEFAULT i: The specified resolution is unavailable, using: width 640 height 480 instead UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Pan (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Tilt (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Pan Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Pan/tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_ADD - Error at Focus (absolute): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Pan (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Tilt (relative): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Pan Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Pan/tilt Reset: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Focus (absolute): Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at LED1 Mode: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at LED1 Frequency: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Disable video processing: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) UVCIOC_CTRL_MAP - Error at Raw bits per pixel: Inappropriate ioctl for device (25) o: www-folder-path......: ./www/ o: HTTP TCP port........: 8080 o: HTTP Listen Address..: (null) o: username:password....: disabled o: commands.............: enabled- 1
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可以成功运行，说明脚本可用。
5.3 修改service文件
把service文件修改为：
[Unit] Description=A server for streaming Motion-JPEG from a video capture device After=network.target [Service] User=pi ExecStart=/home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/mjpg_start.sh Restart=always [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target- 1
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5.4 复制文件到/etc/systemd/system目录
执行命令：
sudo cp /home/pi/mjpg-streamer/mjpg-streamer-experimental/mjpg_streamer@.service /etc/systemd/system
同时，记得重命名一下。cd /etc/systemd/system
sudo mv mjpg_streamer@.service mjpg_streamer.service5.5 设置服务为开机自启动
sudo systemctl enable mjpg_streamer.service
pi@raspberrypi:/etc/systemd/system $ sudo systemctl enable mjpg_streamer.service Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mjpg_streamer.service → /etc/systemd/system/mjpg_streamer.service. pi@raspberrypi:/etc/systemd/system $ ^C- 1
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重启树莓派看看效果。
正常启动，完美！6. MJPG-streamer技术细节
直接翻看源码
一些参考文档：
工作原理：除了
main线程，还会起 2 个线程。输入插件的线程 A 负责从摄像头采集一帧数据，暂存在 buffer 中。输出插件的线程 B 负责实现 http server，当有 http client 要求访问时图像时，从 buffer 中读一帧数据，然后发送给 http client。7. 远程监控访问
7.1 配置frp客户端
往frpc.ini文件添加http穿透配置:
[web] type = http local_port = 8080 custom_domains = 43.xxx.xxx.xxx http_user = dpjcn1990 http_pwd = xxxxxxxx- 1
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[web]
代理名称，随意命名type = http
协议类型，此处为http,还可以配置tcp,udp等custom_domains = 43.xxx.xxx.xxx
公网的IP也可以是域名local_port = 8080
代理的本地端口，就是你访问本地项目时的端口http_user/http_pwd
所有客户端共用一个 frps 的 HTTP 服务端口，任何知道你的域名和 URL 的人都能访问到你部署在内网的服务，但是在某些场景下需要确保只有限定的用户才能访问。frp 支持通过 HTTP Basic Auth 来保护你的 web 服务，使用户需要通过用户名和密码才能访问到你的服务。
使用custom_domains 指定的地址或者域名，端口为服务端的 vhost_http_port 指定的端口，此处为8080, 访问后就相当于访问到了本地的端口 8080
此处为： xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080
代理方式相当于： xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080 --> 127.0.0.1:80807.2 配置frp服务器
服务器相对简单。修改/etc/frp/frps.ini:
[common] bind_port = 7000 vhost_http_port = 7001- 1
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记得配置云服务安全端口。
然后重启一下。
7.3 访问一下 http://公网ip:vhost_http_port 端口号/ 查看效果
会提示你输入账号和密码。
效果是可以访问，但是有点大延迟（也可能我的带宽不行）。我们可以试试压缩一下图片大小。8. 总结
主要以学习态度把家里刚好有一个闲置好几年的usb摄像头，想着如何把它也接入到树莓派中来。但目前效果看起来局域网挺好，广域网就不行，这个方案仍有待考虑。
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44614230/article/details/127820225