【千锋Python2205班10.20笔记-day04-接口和常见反爬（一阶段）】

01-数据接口

import requests

response = requests.get('https://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/js/heroList/hero_list.js')
for x in response.json()['hero']:
    print(x['name'], x['title'], x['goldPrice'])
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02-英雄皮肤下载

import requests
import os
# https://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/js/hero/1.js
# https://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/js/hero/2.js


def get_all_hero_id():
    """获取所有英雄的英雄id"""
    response = requests.get('https://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/js/heroList/hero_list.js')
    result = response.json()
    hero_id_list = [x['heroId'] for x in result['hero']]
    return hero_id_list


def get_one_hero_skins(hero_id):
    """下载一个英雄所有皮肤"""
    url = f'https://game.gtimg.cn/images/lol/act/img/js/hero/{hero_id}.js'
    result = requests.get(url).json()
    for x in result['skins']:
        # 1. 获取每个皮肤的相关信息
        hero_name = x['heroName']
        skin_name = x['name']
        skin_url = x['mainImg']
        if not skin_url:
            skin_url = x['chromaImg']

        # 2. 创建英雄名称对应的文件夹
        path = f'files/{hero_name}'
        if not os.path.exists(path):
            # 不存在就创建对应的文件夹
            os.mkdir(path)

        # 3. 下载皮肤对应的图片
        img_data = requests.get(skin_url).content
        with open(path+f'/{skin_name}.jpg', 'wb') as f:
            f.write(img_data)

    print(f'{hero_name}的皮肤下载完成')


if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 1. 获取所有英雄的英雄id
    ids = get_all_hero_id()

    # 2.遍历拿到每个英雄的id,拼接对应的皮肤接口地址
    for x in ids:
        get_one_hero_skins(x)
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03-requests自动登录

import requests

headers = {
    'cookie': '_zap=b1124762-828e-435d-b04c-7c59a1786742; _xsrf=774cb199-0e1c-4b28-bb60-8c62b565c8bc; d_c0=AUCYBu3vvBWPTm-arz42Iw6N9McyUzXcK4c=|1666236614; __snaker__id=h9XPzR2HWZU7g32U; gdxidpyhxdE=0E5%2Fpw5xVQk4I8AjL4%5Czi82PtOTmygoSeGwhICxLLVZ7rKD0sGAX%2Fl7ag0qgWvwWbBzp%2Bxs12%2BMMs2IKlxRPe8L8sCamvqfgU1%2B%5CTCuuj%2Fq%2F%2F%2BHyiITWG0KpRs%5Ck6WWJmfc0GBXBxMInMsQ0ccwDz8m4fd%5Ct91fnkea26sfCjcpMjU1K%3A1666237515104; YD00517437729195%3AWM_NI=6f%2BZdRG4pSroFkLgghutDCxnyNtfeQ99uG2rLkD8zzsTok7nLjMSRCCUCwF9R4Fv9q8pTvFCpGD2fshT%2BjV6hSJ70OKqsxHrJR1HLJb6bcxJbjanWbk3byL2QpG%2BcPdNajk%3D; YD00517437729195%3AWM_NIKE=9ca17ae2e6ffcda170e2e6eea6d3439b8fbab8d247b0eb8bb3c85f869b9facc84db2eba0adfb5282a7a282e42af0fea7c3b92af6bae5bbe75a85ecc0b4f16586b58488e664b7ac8ca4fb66bb92bc87e85bfbe7bba8b17a90b58cd9f972b18ca18cb66690b683b4d149818b8d98c53392ec8a97bc7bfcb09c97c549b4998cd3e579ac8ce58bd53eac8d86d8b34589afbd99cb7a8a8effa9cf42a2eaae84fb42a2b6af8fd66aa9edae9acf3a93b089cce25ca892af8bea37e2a3; YD00517437729195%3AWM_TID=NdK2P0cmZUdBQUEFUULUXq9fP1YFijKK; captcha_session_v2=2|1:0|10:1666236622|18:captcha_session_v2|88:Y1VMdHV1MFJCTjMzQzFVYVExUEhLVW8ra1lqbDFVbzhpY1FtT1BJMGErUis0VE5GZmlPTnBHQ2FKVUx1Q09jLw==|e2e3d50d5966c7f04f11bbc9430caefa856fedbe0b81fb941a5601435ce1670c; captcha_ticket_v2=2|1:0|10:1666236651|17:captcha_ticket_v2|704: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|8b8701de0198ab00e821f6deeb6ea8598ca444615c1166543fff1ce899f45d76; z_c0=2|1:0|10:1666236667|4:z_c0|92:Mi4xaW5CWUdRQUFBQUFCUUpnRzdlLThGU1lBQUFCZ0FsVk4tdzQtWkFDMUdXVVRpM2xMQkNpT2x6WGwyWWJHbkh5Uk53|2f44557aacbe41f585dcf8586df529133b0eabd958de5974908ca4b500840f96; q_c1=b4bc9487357a4804b8bf100ad46fb07e|1666236667000|1666236667000; NOT_UNREGISTER_WAITING=1; tst=r; SESSIONID=NMIvpzh1H0KgDQHvcVlyotltvV0Py4d5qCNQ3PXRe4T; KLBRSID=53650870f91603bc3193342a80cf198c|1666236826|1666236613',
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}
response = requests.get('https://www.zhihu.com/', headers=headers)
print(response.text)
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04-selenium获取cookie

from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
1

1.用selenium打开需要获取cookie的网站

b = Chrome()
b.get('https://www.taobao.com')
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2.留足够多的时间来人工完成登录

input('完成登录:')
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3.让浏览器对应的网页中出现登录成功信息，再获取cookie(获取整个网站所有的cookie)

cookies = b.get_cookies()

# print(cookies, type(cookies))
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4. 将获取到的cookies写入文件

with open('files/taobao.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    f.write(str(cookies))
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05-selenium使用cookie

from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
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1.打开需要自动登录的网页

b = Chrome()
b.get('https://www.taobao.com')
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2.添加cookie值

with open('files/taobao.txt', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    cookies = eval(f.read())
    for x in cookies:
        b.add_cookie(x)
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3. 重新打开网页

b.get('https://www.taobao.com')
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06-requests使用代理IP

import requests

headers = {
        'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
    }

# 设置代理IP
proxies = {
    'https': '175.22.188.25:4524',
}

response = requests.get('https://movie.douban.com/top250', headers=headers, proxies=proxies)

if response.status_code == 200:
    print(response.text)
else:
    print('请求失败')
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07-selenium使用代理

from selenium.webdriver import Chrome, ChromeOptions
1

1. 给浏览器添加配置

options = ChromeOptions()
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1)设置代理

options.add_argument('--proxy-server=http://171.83.191.223:4526')
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2)关闭图片加载

options.add_experimental_option("prefs", {"profile.managed_default_content_settings.images": 2})
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3)取消测试环境

options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-automation'])

b = Chrome(options=options)
b.get('https://movie.douban.com/top250')
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08-前程无忧岗位爬虫

import requests
from re import findall
from json import loads

headers = {
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
}

proxies = {
    'https': '122.137.48.218:4524'
}

url = 'https://search.51job.com/list/000000,000000,0000,00,9,99,java,2,1.html?lang=c&postchannel=0000&workyear=99&cotype=99°reefrom=99&jobterm=99&companysize=99&ord_field=0&dibiaoid=0&line=&welfare=&u_atoken=540000ca-581a-4002-aa0f-42aedfba6d36&u_asession=01kn7UwIxmYtNszVTAVFzCGxdHP0qhcha0-osvr6eita2YJVTYgshzhQTv11v_wW-pX0KNBwm7Lovlpxjd_P_q4JsKWYrT3W_NKPr8w6oU7K_1z5GupMvpS3-qdJzJEdUlymCvuFU2gNCRIRJqGpb9omBkFo3NEHBv0PZUm6pbxQU&u_asig=05qFfvfDNOQSPq9NIuzj4ViQi8mdNU0nfqkKpbY1NwgFn7IEzf-HWbIdx1PF5izag9Sr4_jabxb30W4ZvB3yc7qrv6vHeKYQ6JhUhmM1Fblfaq7AKpvOAd9zDedY2USM7SW6KPpoDNo4Zd_KsztAAIVcznu7ABWKDx-WZGW4j2y7b9JS7q8ZD7Xtz2Ly-b0kmuyAKRFSVJkkdwVUnyHAIJzbYXEd-kO_Sj5Qq2OkC0QQLEUWQ0Hrqe4W-P1gzc9X5bb4DvBakBj6x1SID70OM96u3h9VXwMyh6PgyDIVSG1W9f_GWun2RGoF0qWZlOBtVzMcP86Dpk-9o5WW2hT6bxqnfLDaWAmdBzT8FTmMacz4pQSRQmGmppZNXPg0hY8XcdmWspDxyAEEo4kbsryBKb9Q&u_aref=diUHZDkF4ZhqqQRmaoboTC71KAg%3D'
response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)
print(response.text)
# 1. 从请求结果中提取json数据
result = findall(r'window.__SEARCH_RESULT__ = (.+?)', response.text)
print(result)

# 2. 做json解析
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demo

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test

import requests

while True:
    headers = {
        'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
    }
    response = requests.get('https://movie.douban.com/top250', headers=headers)
    if response.status_code != 200:
        print('恭喜IP被封！')
        break
    else:
        print('加油！')
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