• BMP编程实践1：C语言实现bmp位图分析与创建

    前言

            本次实验使用的BMP图片是256位的灰度图片。

            本次实验分两步，第一个源码是读图片信息，第二个源码是生成图片。这种操作适用于已知一个图片的格式，然后生成一个和它一样的图片的格式，例如给带屏的单片机截屏，保存图片。

           

    一 BMP图片头解析

             位图文件可看成由 4 个部分组成：位图文件头(BITMAPFILEHEADER)、位图信息头(BITMAPINFOHEADER)、调色板(Palette)也叫彩色表(color table)和定义位图的字节阵列，下面会逐个介绍。

    第一部分

    第一部分为位图文件头 BITMAPFILEHEADER ，是一个结构，其定义如下： 
    1. typedef uint16_t WORD;
    2. typedef uint32_t DWORD;
    3. typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER{
    4.     WORD bfType;//2
    5.     DWORD bfSize;//4
    6.     WORD bfReserved1;//2
    7.     WORD bfReserved2;//2
    8.     DWORD bfOffBits;//4
    9. } BITMAPFILEHEADER;
            这个结构的长度是固定的，为 14 个字节（ WORD 为无符号 16 位整数， DWORD 为无符号32 位整数），各个域的说明如下：
    bfType
            指定文件类型，必须是 0x424D ，即字符串 "BM" ，也就是说所有 .bmp 文件的头两个字节都 是"BM"
    bfSize
            指定文件大小，包括这 14 个字节
    bfReserved1 ， bfReserved2
                    为保留字，不用考虑
    bfOffBits
            为从文件头到实际的位图数据的偏移字节数， 前三个部分的长度之和

    第二部分

            第二部分为位图信息头 BITMAPINFOHEADER，也是一个结构，其定义如下：

    1. typedef uint16_t WORD;
    2. typedef uint32_t DWORD;
    3. typedef uint32_t LONG; 
    4. typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER{
    5.     DWORD biSize;
    6.     LONG biWidth;
    7.     LONG biHeight;
    8.     WORD biPlanes;
    9.     WORD biBitCount;
    10.     DWORD biCompression;
    11.     DWORD biSizeImage;
    12.     LONG biXPelsPerMeter;
    13.     LONG biYPelsPerMeter;
    14.     DWORD biClrUsed;
    15.     DWORD biClrImportant;
    16. } BITMAPINFOHEADER;

            这个结构的长度是固定的，为 40 个字节（WORD 为无符号 16 位整数，DWORD 无符号 32 位整数,LONG 为 32 位整数），各个域的说明如下：

    biSize
            指定这个结构的长度，为 40
    biWidth
            指定图象的宽度，单位是象素
    biHeight
            指定图象的高度，单位是象素
    biPlanes
            必须是 1 ，不用考虑
    biBitCount

            指定表示颜色时要用到的位数，常用的值为 1（黑白二色图）,4（16 色图）,8（256 色）,24

    （真彩色图）（新的 .bmp 格式支持 32 位色，这里就不做讨论了）。
    biCompression
            指定位图是否压缩，有效的值为 BI_RGB ， BI_RLE8 ， BI_RLE4 ， BI_BITFIELDS（都是一 些 Windows 定义好的常量）。要说明的是， Windows 位图可以采用 RLE4 ，和 RLE8 的压缩 格式，但用的不多。我们今后所讨论的只有第一种不压缩的情况，即 biCompression 为BI_RGB 的情况。
    biSizeImage
            指定实际的位图数据占用的字节数，其实也可以从以下的公式中计算出来：
    biSizeImage=biWidth'*biHeight
            要注意的是：上述公式中的 biWidth' 必须是 4 的整倍数（所以不是 biWidth ，而是 biWidth'， 表示大于或等于 biWidth 的，离 4 最近的整倍数。举个例子，如果 iWidth=240，则 biWidth'=240 ；如果 biWidth=241 ， biWidth'=244 ）如果 biCompression 为 BI_RGB，则该项可能为零
    biXPelsPerMeter
            指定目标设备的水平分辨率，单位是每米的象素个数，关于分辨率的概念，我们将在打印部 分详细介绍。
    biYPelsPerMeter
            指定目标设备的垂直分辨率，单位同上。
    biClrUsed
            指定本图象实际用到的颜色数，如果该值为零，则用到的颜色数为 2 的 biBitCount 次方。
    biClrImportant
            指定本图象中重要的颜色数，如果该值为零，则认为所有的颜色都是重要的。

    第三部分-调色板

            第三部分为调色板(Palette)，当然，这里是对那些需要调色板的位图文件而言的。有些位图， 如真彩色图，前面已经讲过，是不需要调色板的，BITMAPINFOHEADER 后直接是位图数据。调色板实际上是一个数组，共有 biClrUsed 个元素（如果该值为零，则有 2 的 biBitCount 次方个元素）。数组中每个元素的类型是一个 RGBQUAD 结构，占 4 个字节，其定义如下：

    1. typedef uint8_t BYTE;
    2. typedef struct tagRGBQUAD{
    3.     BYTE rgbBlue; //该颜色的蓝色分量
    4.     BYTE rgbGreen; //该颜色的绿色分量
    5.     BYTE rgbRed; //该颜色的红色分量
    6.     BYTE rgbReserved; //保留值
    7. } RGBQUAD;

    第四部分

            第四部分就是实际的图象数据了。对于用到调色板的位图，图象数据就是该像素颜在调色板
    中的索引值，对于真彩色图，图象数据就是实际的 R,G,B 值。下面就 2 色， 16 色， 256 色位
    图和真彩色位图分别介绍。对于 2 色位图，用 1 位就可以表示该像素的颜色（一般 0 表示黑， 1 表示白），所以一个字节可以表示 8 个像素。对于 16 色位图，用 4 位可以表示一个像素的颜色，所以一个字节可以表示 2 个像素。对于 256 色位图，一个字节刚好可以表示 1 个像素。对于真彩色图，三个字节才能表示 1 个像素。
            要注意两点：
            1．每一行的字节数必须是 4 的整倍数，如果不是，则需要补齐。这在前面介绍 biSizeImage
    时已经提到了。
            2．一般来说， .BMP 文件的数据从下到上，从左到右的。也就是说，从文件中最先读到的
    是图象最下面一行的左边第一个像素，然后是左边第二个像素…接下来是倒数第二行左边第
    一个像素，左边第二个像素…依次类推，最后得到的是最上面一行的最右一个像素。
    好了，终于介绍完 bmp 文件结构了，是不是觉得头有些大。

    二 实践

            还是不知道应该怎么设置怎么办，调色板也不知道应该怎么设置。找一个目标图片，读出它的内部数据，然后将他们一个一个的赋值给新图片。

    读图片的参数源码

    1. #include 
    2. #include 
    3. #include 
    4. #include 
    5. #include 
    6. #include 
    7. #include 
    8. #include 
    9. char buf[1024];
    10. typedef uint16_t WORD;
    11. typedef uint32_t DWORD;
    12. #pragma pack(1)
    13. typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER{
    14.     WORD bfType;//2
    15.     DWORD bfSize;//4
    16.     WORD bfReserved1;//2
    17.     WORD bfReserved2;//2
    18.     DWORD bfOffBits;//4
    19. } BITMAPFILEHEADER;
    20. #pragma pack()
    21. typedef uint32_t LONG; 
    22. #pragma pack(1)
    23. typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER{
    24.     DWORD biSize;
    25.     LONG biWidth;
    26.     LONG biHeight;
    27.     WORD biPlanes;
    28.     WORD biBitCount;
    29.     DWORD biCompression;
    30.     DWORD biSizeImage;
    31.     LONG biXPelsPerMeter;
    32.     LONG biYPelsPerMeter;
    33.     DWORD biClrUsed;
    34.     DWORD biClrImportant;
    35. } BITMAPINFOHEADER; 
    36. #pragma pack()
    37. void show_bit_map_file_header(BITMAPFILEHEADER *p)
    38. {
    39. 	printf("bfType=%04x\n",p->bfType);
    40. 	printf("bfSize=%d\n",p->bfSize);
    41. 	printf("bfReserved1=%d\n",p->bfReserved1);
    42. 	printf("bfReserved2=%d\n",p->bfReserved2);
    43. 	printf("bfOffBits=%d\n",p->bfOffBits);
    44. }
    45. void show_bit_map_info_header(BITMAPINFOHEADER *p)
    46. {
    47. 	printf("biSize=%d\n",p->biSize);
    48. 	printf("biWidth=%d\n",p->biWidth);
    49. 	printf("biHeight=%d\n",p->biHeight);
    50. 	printf("biPlanes=%d\n",p->biPlanes);
    51. 	printf("biBitCount=%d\n",p->biBitCount);
    52. 	printf("biCompression=%d\n",p->biCompression);
    53. 	printf("biSizeImage=%d\n",p->biSizeImage);
    54. 	printf("biXPelsPerMeter=%d\n",p->biXPelsPerMeter);
    55. 	printf("biYPelsPerMeter=%d\n",p->biYPelsPerMeter);
    56. 	printf("biClrUsed=%d\n",p->biClrUsed);
    57. 	printf("biClrImportant=%d\n",p->biClrImportant);
    58. }
    59.  
    60. void show_bmp_info(char *name)
    61. {
    62. 	BITMAPFILEHEADER bit_map_file_header;
    63. 	BITMAPINFOHEADER bit_map_info_header;
    64. 	int fd = 0;
    65. 	int i = 0;
    66. 	fd = open(name,O_RDONLY);
    67. 	if(fd < 0){
    68. 		perror("open");
    69. 		return;
    70. 	}
    71. 	printf("open %s ok \n",name);
    72. 	read(fd,&bit_map_file_header,sizeof(bit_map_file_header));
    73. 	read(fd,&bit_map_info_header,sizeof(bit_map_info_header));
    74. 	show_bit_map_file_header(&bit_map_file_header);
    75. 	show_bit_map_info_header(&bit_map_info_header);
    76. 	read(fd,buf,1024);
    77. 	for(i = 0;i < 1024;i++){
    78. 		if(i > 0 && i%16 == 0){
    79. 			printf("\n");
    80. 		}
    81. 		printf("0x%02x,",(uint8_t)buf[i]);
    82. 	}
    83. 	printf("\n");
    84. 	close(fd);
    85. }
    86. int main(int argc,char *argv[])
    87. {
    88. 	show_bmp_info("2.bmp");
    89. 	return 0;
    90. }

            运行结果：

            输出信息里面的那一堆的0x十六进制数据是调色板，这个图片的调色板是1024字节，怎么知道是1024字节？我提前计算的。这个图片大小是1025078 - 54(图片头)-1280*800（图片数组）= 1024；1024就是调色板大小了。

            再分析一下为什么是1024个字节呢？调色板实际上是一个数组，共有 biClrUsed 个元素，下面的输出中，biClrUsed的值是256。数组中每个元素的类型是一个 RGBQUAD 结构，占 4 个字节。所以是biClrUsed * sizeof(RGBQUAD) = 256 * 4 = 1024字节。

    1. open 2.bmp ok
    2. bfType=4d42
    3. bfSize=1025078
    4. bfReserved1=0
    5. bfReserved2=0
    6. bfOffBits=1078
    7. biSize=40
    8. biWidth=1280
    9. biHeight=800
    10. biPlanes=1
    11. biBitCount=8
    12. biCompression=0
    13. biSizeImage=1024000
    14. biXPelsPerMeter=5669
    15. biYPelsPerMeter=5669
    16. biClrUsed=256
    17. biClrImportant=256
    18. 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x03,0x03,0x03,0x00,
    19. 0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x05,0x05,0x05,0x00,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x00,0x07,0x07,0x07,0x00,
    20. 0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x00,0x0a,0x0a,0x0a,0x00,0x0b,0x0b,0x0b,0x00,
    21. 0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x00,0x0d,0x0d,0x0d,0x00,0x0e,0x0e,0x0e,0x00,0x0f,0x0f,0x0f,0x00,
    22. 0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x00,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x00,0x13,0x13,0x13,0x00,
    23. 0x14,0x14,0x14,0x00,0x15,0x15,0x15,0x00,0x16,0x16,0x16,0x00,0x17,0x17,0x17,0x00,
    24. 0x18,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x19,0x19,0x19,0x00,0x1a,0x1a,0x1a,0x00,0x1b,0x1b,0x1b,0x00,
    25. 0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x00,0x1d,0x1d,0x1d,0x00,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x00,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x00,
    26. 0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x21,0x21,0x21,0x00,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x00,0x23,0x23,0x23,0x00,
    27. 0x24,0x24,0x24,0x00,0x25,0x25,0x25,0x00,0x26,0x26,0x26,0x00,0x27,0x27,0x27,0x00,
    28. 0x28,0x28,0x28,0x00,0x29,0x29,0x29,0x00,0x2a,0x2a,0x2a,0x00,0x2b,0x2b,0x2b,0x00,
    29. 0x2c,0x2c,0x2c,0x00,0x2d,0x2d,0x2d,0x00,0x2e,0x2e,0x2e,0x00,0x2f,0x2f,0x2f,0x00,
    30. 0x30,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x00,0x32,0x32,0x32,0x00,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x00,
    31. 0x34,0x34,0x34,0x00,0x35,0x35,0x35,0x00,0x36,0x36,0x36,0x00,0x37,0x37,0x37,0x00,
    32. 0x38,0x38,0x38,0x00,0x39,0x39,0x39,0x00,0x3a,0x3a,0x3a,0x00,0x3b,0x3b,0x3b,0x00,
    33. 0x3c,0x3c,0x3c,0x00,0x3d,0x3d,0x3d,0x00,0x3e,0x3e,0x3e,0x00,0x3f,0x3f,0x3f,0x00,
    34. 0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x00,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x00,0x43,0x43,0x43,0x00,
    35. 0x44,0x44,0x44,0x00,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x00,0x46,0x46,0x46,0x00,0x47,0x47,0x47,0x00,
    36. 0x48,0x48,0x48,0x00,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x00,0x4a,0x4a,0x4a,0x00,0x4b,0x4b,0x4b,0x00,
    37. 0x4c,0x4c,0x4c,0x00,0x4d,0x4d,0x4d,0x00,0x4e,0x4e,0x4e,0x00,0x4f,0x4f,0x4f,0x00,
    38. 0x50,0x50,0x50,0x00,0x51,0x51,0x51,0x00,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x00,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x00,
    39. 0x54,0x54,0x54,0x00,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x00,0x56,0x56,0x56,0x00,0x57,0x57,0x57,0x00,
    40. 0x58,0x58,0x58,0x00,0x59,0x59,0x59,0x00,0x5a,0x5a,0x5a,0x00,0x5b,0x5b,0x5b,0x00,
    41. 0x5c,0x5c,0x5c,0x00,0x5d,0x5d,0x5d,0x00,0x5e,0x5e,0x5e,0x00,0x5f,0x5f,0x5f,0x00,
    42. 0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x61,0x61,0x61,0x00,0x62,0x62,0x62,0x00,0x63,0x63,0x63,0x00,
    43. 0x64,0x64,0x64,0x00,0x65,0x65,0x65,0x00,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x00,0x67,0x67,0x67,0x00,
    44. 0x68,0x68,0x68,0x00,0x69,0x69,0x69,0x00,0x6a,0x6a,0x6a,0x00,0x6b,0x6b,0x6b,0x00,
    45. 0x6c,0x6c,0x6c,0x00,0x6d,0x6d,0x6d,0x00,0x6e,0x6e,0x6e,0x00,0x6f,0x6f,0x6f,0x00,
    46. 0x70,0x70,0x70,0x00,0x71,0x71,0x71,0x00,0x72,0x72,0x72,0x00,0x73,0x73,0x73,0x00,
    47. 0x74,0x74,0x74,0x00,0x75,0x75,0x75,0x00,0x76,0x76,0x76,0x00,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x00,
    48. 0x78,0x78,0x78,0x00,0x79,0x79,0x79,0x00,0x7a,0x7a,0x7a,0x00,0x7b,0x7b,0x7b,0x00,
    49. 0x7c,0x7c,0x7c,0x00,0x7d,0x7d,0x7d,0x00,0x7e,0x7e,0x7e,0x00,0x7f,0x7f,0x7f,0x00,
    50. 0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x00,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x00,0x83,0x83,0x83,0x00,
    51. 0x84,0x84,0x84,0x00,0x85,0x85,0x85,0x00,0x86,0x86,0x86,0x00,0x87,0x87,0x87,0x00,
    52. 0x88,0x88,0x88,0x00,0x89,0x89,0x89,0x00,0x8a,0x8a,0x8a,0x00,0x8b,0x8b,0x8b,0x00,
    53. 0x8c,0x8c,0x8c,0x00,0x8d,0x8d,0x8d,0x00,0x8e,0x8e,0x8e,0x00,0x8f,0x8f,0x8f,0x00,
    54. 0x90,0x90,0x90,0x00,0x91,0x91,0x91,0x00,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x00,0x93,0x93,0x93,0x00,
    55. 0x94,0x94,0x94,0x00,0x95,0x95,0x95,0x00,0x96,0x96,0x96,0x00,0x97,0x97,0x97,0x00,
    56. 0x98,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x00,0x9a,0x9a,0x9a,0x00,0x9b,0x9b,0x9b,0x00,
    57. 0x9c,0x9c,0x9c,0x00,0x9d,0x9d,0x9d,0x00,0x9e,0x9e,0x9e,0x00,0x9f,0x9f,0x9f,0x00,
    58. 0xa0,0xa0,0xa0,0x00,0xa1,0xa1,0xa1,0x00,0xa2,0xa2,0xa2,0x00,0xa3,0xa3,0xa3,0x00,
    59. 0xa4,0xa4,0xa4,0x00,0xa5,0xa5,0xa5,0x00,0xa6,0xa6,0xa6,0x00,0xa7,0xa7,0xa7,0x00,
    60. 0xa8,0xa8,0xa8,0x00,0xa9,0xa9,0xa9,0x00,0xaa,0xaa,0xaa,0x00,0xab,0xab,0xab,0x00,
    61. 0xac,0xac,0xac,0x00,0xad,0xad,0xad,0x00,0xae,0xae,0xae,0x00,0xaf,0xaf,0xaf,0x00,
    62. 0xb0,0xb0,0xb0,0x00,0xb1,0xb1,0xb1,0x00,0xb2,0xb2,0xb2,0x00,0xb3,0xb3,0xb3,0x00,
    63. 0xb4,0xb4,0xb4,0x00,0xb5,0xb5,0xb5,0x00,0xb6,0xb6,0xb6,0x00,0xb7,0xb7,0xb7,0x00,
    64. 0xb8,0xb8,0xb8,0x00,0xb9,0xb9,0xb9,0x00,0xba,0xba,0xba,0x00,0xbb,0xbb,0xbb,0x00,
    65. 0xbc,0xbc,0xbc,0x00,0xbd,0xbd,0xbd,0x00,0xbe,0xbe,0xbe,0x00,0xbf,0xbf,0xbf,0x00,
    66. 0xc0,0xc0,0xc0,0x00,0xc1,0xc1,0xc1,0x00,0xc2,0xc2,0xc2,0x00,0xc3,0xc3,0xc3,0x00,
    67. 0xc4,0xc4,0xc4,0x00,0xc5,0xc5,0xc5,0x00,0xc6,0xc6,0xc6,0x00,0xc7,0xc7,0xc7,0x00,
    68. 0xc8,0xc8,0xc8,0x00,0xc9,0xc9,0xc9,0x00,0xca,0xca,0xca,0x00,0xcb,0xcb,0xcb,0x00,
    69. 0xcc,0xcc,0xcc,0x00,0xcd,0xcd,0xcd,0x00,0xce,0xce,0xce,0x00,0xcf,0xcf,0xcf,0x00,
    70. 0xd0,0xd0,0xd0,0x00,0xd1,0xd1,0xd1,0x00,0xd2,0xd2,0xd2,0x00,0xd3,0xd3,0xd3,0x00,
    71. 0xd4,0xd4,0xd4,0x00,0xd5,0xd5,0xd5,0x00,0xd6,0xd6,0xd6,0x00,0xd7,0xd7,0xd7,0x00,
    72. 0xd8,0xd8,0xd8,0x00,0xd9,0xd9,0xd9,0x00,0xda,0xda,0xda,0x00,0xdb,0xdb,0xdb,0x00,
    73. 0xdc,0xdc,0xdc,0x00,0xdd,0xdd,0xdd,0x00,0xde,0xde,0xde,0x00,0xdf,0xdf,0xdf,0x00,
    74. 0xe0,0xe0,0xe0,0x00,0xe1,0xe1,0xe1,0x00,0xe2,0xe2,0xe2,0x00,0xe3,0xe3,0xe3,0x00,
    75. 0xe4,0xe4,0xe4,0x00,0xe5,0xe5,0xe5,0x00,0xe6,0xe6,0xe6,0x00,0xe7,0xe7,0xe7,0x00,
    76. 0xe8,0xe8,0xe8,0x00,0xe9,0xe9,0xe9,0x00,0xea,0xea,0xea,0x00,0xeb,0xeb,0xeb,0x00,
    77. 0xec,0xec,0xec,0x00,0xed,0xed,0xed,0x00,0xee,0xee,0xee,0x00,0xef,0xef,0xef,0x00,
    78. 0xf0,0xf0,0xf0,0x00,0xf1,0xf1,0xf1,0x00,0xf2,0xf2,0xf2,0x00,0xf3,0xf3,0xf3,0x00,
    79. 0xf4,0xf4,0xf4,0x00,0xf5,0xf5,0xf5,0x00,0xf6,0xf6,0xf6,0x00,0xf7,0xf7,0xf7,0x00,
    80. 0xf8,0xf8,0xf8,0x00,0xf9,0xf9,0xf9,0x00,0xfa,0xfa,0xfa,0x00,0xfb,0xfb,0xfb,0x00,
    81. 0xfc,0xfc,0xfc,0x00,0xfd,0xfd,0xfd,0x00,0xfe,0xfe,0xfe,0x00,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x00,

    生成一个图片的代码

    1. #include 
    2. #include 
    3. #include 
    4. #include 
    5. #include 
    6. #include 
    7. #include 
    8. #include 
    9.  
    10. #define IMAGE_SIZE	1280*800
    11. char read_buf[IMAGE_SIZE];
    12.  
    13. typedef uint16_t WORD;
    14. typedef uint32_t DWORD;
    15. #pragma pack(1)
    16. typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER{
    17.     WORD bfType;//2
    18.     DWORD bfSize;//4
    19.     WORD bfReserved1;//2
    20.     WORD bfReserved2;//2
    21.     DWORD bfOffBits;//4
    22. } BITMAPFILEHEADER;
    23. #pragma pack()
    24. typedef uint32_t LONG; 
    25. #pragma pack(1)
    26. typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER{
    27.     DWORD biSize;
    28.     LONG biWidth;
    29.     LONG biHeight;
    30.     WORD biPlanes;
    31.     WORD biBitCount;
    32.     DWORD biCompression;
    33.     DWORD biSizeImage;
    34.     LONG biXPelsPerMeter;
    35.     LONG biYPelsPerMeter;
    36.     DWORD biClrUsed;
    37.     DWORD biClrImportant;
    38. } BITMAPINFOHEADER; 
    39.  
    40. static char color_board[] = {
    41. 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x03,0x03,0x03,0x00,
    42. 0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,0x05,0x05,0x05,0x00,0x06,0x06,0x06,0x00,0x07,0x07,0x07,0x00,
    43. 0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x09,0x09,0x09,0x00,0x0a,0x0a,0x0a,0x00,0x0b,0x0b,0x0b,0x00,
    44. 0x0c,0x0c,0x0c,0x00,0x0d,0x0d,0x0d,0x00,0x0e,0x0e,0x0e,0x00,0x0f,0x0f,0x0f,0x00,
    45. 0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x11,0x11,0x11,0x00,0x12,0x12,0x12,0x00,0x13,0x13,0x13,0x00,
    46. 0x14,0x14,0x14,0x00,0x15,0x15,0x15,0x00,0x16,0x16,0x16,0x00,0x17,0x17,0x17,0x00,
    47. 0x18,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x19,0x19,0x19,0x00,0x1a,0x1a,0x1a,0x00,0x1b,0x1b,0x1b,0x00,
    48. 0x1c,0x1c,0x1c,0x00,0x1d,0x1d,0x1d,0x00,0x1e,0x1e,0x1e,0x00,0x1f,0x1f,0x1f,0x00,
    49. 0x20,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x21,0x21,0x21,0x00,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x00,0x23,0x23,0x23,0x00,
    50. 0x24,0x24,0x24,0x00,0x25,0x25,0x25,0x00,0x26,0x26,0x26,0x00,0x27,0x27,0x27,0x00,
    51. 0x28,0x28,0x28,0x00,0x29,0x29,0x29,0x00,0x2a,0x2a,0x2a,0x00,0x2b,0x2b,0x2b,0x00,
    52. 0x2c,0x2c,0x2c,0x00,0x2d,0x2d,0x2d,0x00,0x2e,0x2e,0x2e,0x00,0x2f,0x2f,0x2f,0x00,
    53. 0x30,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x31,0x31,0x31,0x00,0x32,0x32,0x32,0x00,0x33,0x33,0x33,0x00,
    54. 0x34,0x34,0x34,0x00,0x35,0x35,0x35,0x00,0x36,0x36,0x36,0x00,0x37,0x37,0x37,0x00,
    55. 0x38,0x38,0x38,0x00,0x39,0x39,0x39,0x00,0x3a,0x3a,0x3a,0x00,0x3b,0x3b,0x3b,0x00,
    56. 0x3c,0x3c,0x3c,0x00,0x3d,0x3d,0x3d,0x00,0x3e,0x3e,0x3e,0x00,0x3f,0x3f,0x3f,0x00,
    57. 0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,0x41,0x41,0x41,0x00,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x00,0x43,0x43,0x43,0x00,
    58. 0x44,0x44,0x44,0x00,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x00,0x46,0x46,0x46,0x00,0x47,0x47,0x47,0x00,
    59. 0x48,0x48,0x48,0x00,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x00,0x4a,0x4a,0x4a,0x00,0x4b,0x4b,0x4b,0x00,
    60. 0x4c,0x4c,0x4c,0x00,0x4d,0x4d,0x4d,0x00,0x4e,0x4e,0x4e,0x00,0x4f,0x4f,0x4f,0x00,
    61. 0x50,0x50,0x50,0x00,0x51,0x51,0x51,0x00,0x52,0x52,0x52,0x00,0x53,0x53,0x53,0x00,
    62. 0x54,0x54,0x54,0x00,0x55,0x55,0x55,0x00,0x56,0x56,0x56,0x00,0x57,0x57,0x57,0x00,
    63. 0x58,0x58,0x58,0x00,0x59,0x59,0x59,0x00,0x5a,0x5a,0x5a,0x00,0x5b,0x5b,0x5b,0x00,
    64. 0x5c,0x5c,0x5c,0x00,0x5d,0x5d,0x5d,0x00,0x5e,0x5e,0x5e,0x00,0x5f,0x5f,0x5f,0x00,
    65. 0x60,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x61,0x61,0x61,0x00,0x62,0x62,0x62,0x00,0x63,0x63,0x63,0x00,
    66. 0x64,0x64,0x64,0x00,0x65,0x65,0x65,0x00,0x66,0x66,0x66,0x00,0x67,0x67,0x67,0x00,
    67. 0x68,0x68,0x68,0x00,0x69,0x69,0x69,0x00,0x6a,0x6a,0x6a,0x00,0x6b,0x6b,0x6b,0x00,
    68. 0x6c,0x6c,0x6c,0x00,0x6d,0x6d,0x6d,0x00,0x6e,0x6e,0x6e,0x00,0x6f,0x6f,0x6f,0x00,
    69. 0x70,0x70,0x70,0x00,0x71,0x71,0x71,0x00,0x72,0x72,0x72,0x00,0x73,0x73,0x73,0x00,
    70. 0x74,0x74,0x74,0x00,0x75,0x75,0x75,0x00,0x76,0x76,0x76,0x00,0x77,0x77,0x77,0x00,
    71. 0x78,0x78,0x78,0x00,0x79,0x79,0x79,0x00,0x7a,0x7a,0x7a,0x00,0x7b,0x7b,0x7b,0x00,
    72. 0x7c,0x7c,0x7c,0x00,0x7d,0x7d,0x7d,0x00,0x7e,0x7e,0x7e,0x00,0x7f,0x7f,0x7f,0x00,
    73. 0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x81,0x81,0x81,0x00,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x00,0x83,0x83,0x83,0x00,
    74. 0x84,0x84,0x84,0x00,0x85,0x85,0x85,0x00,0x86,0x86,0x86,0x00,0x87,0x87,0x87,0x00,
    75. 0x88,0x88,0x88,0x00,0x89,0x89,0x89,0x00,0x8a,0x8a,0x8a,0x00,0x8b,0x8b,0x8b,0x00,
    76. 0x8c,0x8c,0x8c,0x00,0x8d,0x8d,0x8d,0x00,0x8e,0x8e,0x8e,0x00,0x8f,0x8f,0x8f,0x00,
    77. 0x90,0x90,0x90,0x00,0x91,0x91,0x91,0x00,0x92,0x92,0x92,0x00,0x93,0x93,0x93,0x00,
    78. 0x94,0x94,0x94,0x00,0x95,0x95,0x95,0x00,0x96,0x96,0x96,0x00,0x97,0x97,0x97,0x00,
    79. 0x98,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x00,0x9a,0x9a,0x9a,0x00,0x9b,0x9b,0x9b,0x00,
    80. 0x9c,0x9c,0x9c,0x00,0x9d,0x9d,0x9d,0x00,0x9e,0x9e,0x9e,0x00,0x9f,0x9f,0x9f,0x00,
    81. 0xa0,0xa0,0xa0,0x00,0xa1,0xa1,0xa1,0x00,0xa2,0xa2,0xa2,0x00,0xa3,0xa3,0xa3,0x00,
    82. 0xa4,0xa4,0xa4,0x00,0xa5,0xa5,0xa5,0x00,0xa6,0xa6,0xa6,0x00,0xa7,0xa7,0xa7,0x00,
    83. 0xa8,0xa8,0xa8,0x00,0xa9,0xa9,0xa9,0x00,0xaa,0xaa,0xaa,0x00,0xab,0xab,0xab,0x00,
    84. 0xac,0xac,0xac,0x00,0xad,0xad,0xad,0x00,0xae,0xae,0xae,0x00,0xaf,0xaf,0xaf,0x00,
    85. 0xb0,0xb0,0xb0,0x00,0xb1,0xb1,0xb1,0x00,0xb2,0xb2,0xb2,0x00,0xb3,0xb3,0xb3,0x00,
    86. 0xb4,0xb4,0xb4,0x00,0xb5,0xb5,0xb5,0x00,0xb6,0xb6,0xb6,0x00,0xb7,0xb7,0xb7,0x00,
    87. 0xb8,0xb8,0xb8,0x00,0xb9,0xb9,0xb9,0x00,0xba,0xba,0xba,0x00,0xbb,0xbb,0xbb,0x00,
    88. 0xbc,0xbc,0xbc,0x00,0xbd,0xbd,0xbd,0x00,0xbe,0xbe,0xbe,0x00,0xbf,0xbf,0xbf,0x00,
    89. 0xc0,0xc0,0xc0,0x00,0xc1,0xc1,0xc1,0x00,0xc2,0xc2,0xc2,0x00,0xc3,0xc3,0xc3,0x00,
    90. 0xc4,0xc4,0xc4,0x00,0xc5,0xc5,0xc5,0x00,0xc6,0xc6,0xc6,0x00,0xc7,0xc7,0xc7,0x00,
    91. 0xc8,0xc8,0xc8,0x00,0xc9,0xc9,0xc9,0x00,0xca,0xca,0xca,0x00,0xcb,0xcb,0xcb,0x00,
    92. 0xcc,0xcc,0xcc,0x00,0xcd,0xcd,0xcd,0x00,0xce,0xce,0xce,0x00,0xcf,0xcf,0xcf,0x00,
    93. 0xd0,0xd0,0xd0,0x00,0xd1,0xd1,0xd1,0x00,0xd2,0xd2,0xd2,0x00,0xd3,0xd3,0xd3,0x00,
    94. 0xd4,0xd4,0xd4,0x00,0xd5,0xd5,0xd5,0x00,0xd6,0xd6,0xd6,0x00,0xd7,0xd7,0xd7,0x00,
    95. 0xd8,0xd8,0xd8,0x00,0xd9,0xd9,0xd9,0x00,0xda,0xda,0xda,0x00,0xdb,0xdb,0xdb,0x00,
    96. 0xdc,0xdc,0xdc,0x00,0xdd,0xdd,0xdd,0x00,0xde,0xde,0xde,0x00,0xdf,0xdf,0xdf,0x00,
    97. 0xe0,0xe0,0xe0,0x00,0xe1,0xe1,0xe1,0x00,0xe2,0xe2,0xe2,0x00,0xe3,0xe3,0xe3,0x00,
    98. 0xe4,0xe4,0xe4,0x00,0xe5,0xe5,0xe5,0x00,0xe6,0xe6,0xe6,0x00,0xe7,0xe7,0xe7,0x00,
    99. 0xe8,0xe8,0xe8,0x00,0xe9,0xe9,0xe9,0x00,0xea,0xea,0xea,0x00,0xeb,0xeb,0xeb,0x00,
    100. 0xec,0xec,0xec,0x00,0xed,0xed,0xed,0x00,0xee,0xee,0xee,0x00,0xef,0xef,0xef,0x00,
    101. 0xf0,0xf0,0xf0,0x00,0xf1,0xf1,0xf1,0x00,0xf2,0xf2,0xf2,0x00,0xf3,0xf3,0xf3,0x00,
    102. 0xf4,0xf4,0xf4,0x00,0xf5,0xf5,0xf5,0x00,0xf6,0xf6,0xf6,0x00,0xf7,0xf7,0xf7,0x00,
    103. 0xf8,0xf8,0xf8,0x00,0xf9,0xf9,0xf9,0x00,0xfa,0xfa,0xfa,0x00,0xfb,0xfb,0xfb,0x00,
    104. 0xfc,0xfc,0xfc,0x00,0xfd,0xfd,0xfd,0x00,0xfe,0xfe,0xfe,0x00,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x00,
    105. };
    106. #pragma pack()
    107. //本函数不支持调色板
    108. int write_bmp(char *name,char *buf)
    109. {
    110. 	int fd = 0;
    111. 	BITMAPFILEHEADER bit_map_file_header;
    112. 	BITMAPINFOHEADER bit_map_info_header;
    113. 	fd = open(name,O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,0666);
    114. 	if(fd < 0){
    115. 		perror("open");
    116. 		return -1;
    117. 	}
    118. 	printf("%ld,%ld\n",sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
    119. 	printf("open %s ok\n",name);
    120. 	memset(&bit_map_file_header,0,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));
    121. 	memset(&bit_map_info_header,0,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
    122. 	bit_map_file_header.bfType = 0x4D42;
    123. 	bit_map_file_header.bfSize = 1280*800 + 54 + 1024;
    124. 	bit_map_file_header.bfOffBits = 54 + 1024;//就是位图数据之前的文件头长度，包括调色板。
    125. 	
    126. 	write(fd,&bit_map_file_header,sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER));
    127. 	
    128. 	bit_map_info_header.biSize = 40;
    129. 	bit_map_info_header.biWidth = 1280;
    130. 	bit_map_info_header.biHeight = 800;
    131. 	bit_map_info_header.biPlanes = 1;
    132. 	bit_map_info_header.biBitCount = 8;
    133. 	bit_map_info_header.biCompression = 0;// //压缩方式，可以是0，1，2，其中0表示不压缩
    134. 	bit_map_info_header.biSizeImage = 1280*800;
    135. 	bit_map_info_header.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
    136. 	bit_map_info_header.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
    137. 	bit_map_info_header.biClrUsed = 256;
    138. 	bit_map_info_header.biClrImportant = 256;
    139. 	write(fd,&bit_map_info_header,sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER));
    140. 	write(fd,color_board,1024);
    141. 	write(fd,buf,1280*800);
    142. 	
    143. 	
    144. 	close(fd);
    145. 	
    146. 	return 0;
    147. }
    148. int main()
    149. {
    150. 	memset(read_buf,0x55,sizeof(read_buf));
    151. 	write_bmp("8_256.bmp",read_buf);
    152. 	return 0;
    153. }

    运行结果

    下面这个就是生成的图片的属性：

    结束

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/yueni_zhao/article/details/127427713