• Linux之ansible模块command,shell,raw,script,file,copy,fetch,synchronize超详解

    1.command,shell,raw,script模块的作用和区别

    command、 shell 模块:
    相同点：要求受管主机上安装 Python。
    不同点： command 可以在受管主机上执行 shell 命令， 但是不支持环境变量和操
    作符（例如 '|', '<', '>', '&'）
    shell 模块调用的/bin/sh 指令执行。
    raw 模块:
    不需要受管主机上安装 Python，直接使用远程 shell 运行命令，通常用于无法安装
    Python 的系统（例如网络设备等）。

     command 模块的使用: 去执行一个脚本文件command.sh, command.sh文件的功能是echo "I am command module" 

    在客户端上创建文件（展示的是最后效果图，什么方法都就可以用）

    1. [root@rhel ~]# cat command.sh 
    2. echo"I am command module" 
    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m command -a "sh command.sh chdir=/root"
    2. rhel | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
    3. I am command module 

     shell模块执行命令 ls /root | grep cfg

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m shell -a "ls /root | grep cfg"
    2. rhel | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
    3. anaconda-ks.cfg
    4. initial-setup-ks.cfg

       raw模块执行pwd命令

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m raw -a "pwd"
    2. rhel | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
    3. /home/student
    4. Shared connection to rhel closed.
    5.

    script模块执行 script.sh文件，文件的内容为 echo "I am script module"

    指定可执行脚本输出内容

    [root@rhcsa ~]# echo "echo "I am script module"" > script.sh
    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m script -a "script.sh free_form=/root"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "changed": true,
    4.     "rc": 0,
    5.     "stderr": "Shared connection to rhel closed.\r\n",
    6.     "stderr_lines": [
    7.         "Shared connection to rhel closed."
    8.     ],
    9.     "stdout": "I am script module\r\n",
    10.     "stdout_lines": [
    11.         "I am script module"
    12.     ]
    13. }

    2.file模块：
       创建文件，并指定用户，用户组为student， 且权限为600

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m file -a "path=/home/student/test2.txt owner=student group=student mode=600 state=touch"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "ansible_facts": {
    4.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    5.     },
    6.     "changed": true,
    7.     "dest": "/home/student/test2.txt",
    8.     "gid": 2002,
    9.     "group": "student",
    10.     "mode": "0600",
    11.     "owner": "student",
    12.     "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    13.     "size": 0,
    14.     "state": "file",
    15.     "uid": 2002
    16. }

       创建目录，并指定用户，用户组为student,   且权限为755

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m file -a "path=/home/student/test_dir owner=student group=student mode=755 state=directory"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "ansible_facts": {
    4.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    5.     },
    6.     "changed": true,
    7.     "gid": 2002,
    8.     "group": "student",
    9.     "mode": "0755",
    10.     "owner": "student",
    11.     "path": "/home/student/test_dir",
    12.     "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    13.     "size": 6,
    14.     "state": "directory",
    15.     "uid": 2002
    16. }

        创建链接文件

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m file -a "path=/home/student/test4.txt src=test2.txt state=link"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "ansible_facts": {
    4.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    5.     },
    6.     "changed": true,
    7.     "dest": "/home/student/test4.txt",
    8.     "gid": 0,
    9.     "group": "root",
    10.     "mode": "0777",
    11.     "owner": "root",
    12.     "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    13.     "size": 9,
    14.     "src": "test2.txt",
    15.     "state": "link",
    16.     "uid": 0
    17. }

       删除第一个创建的文件

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m file -a "path=/home/student/test2.txt state=absent"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "ansible_facts": {
    4.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    5.     },
    6.     "changed": true,
    7.     "path": "/home/student/test2.txt",
    8.     "state": "absent"
    9. }

    3.copy
       复制文件

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m copy -a "src=/root/test.txt dest=/home/student"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "ansible_facts": {
    4.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    5.     },
    6.     "changed": true,
    7.     "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    8.     "dest": "/home/student/test.txt",
    9.     "gid": 0,
    10.     "group": "root",
    11.     "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e",
    12.     "mode": "0644",
    13.     "owner": "root",
    14.     "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    15.     "size": 0,
    16.     "src": "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1659519729.6693015-3382-265136890969898/source",
    17.     "state": "file",
    18.     "uid": 0
    19. }

       复制目录

    1. [root@rhcsa test_dir]# ansible rhel -m copy -a "src=/root/test_dir dest=/home/student"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "ansible_facts": {
    4.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
    5.     },
    6.     "changed": true,
    7.     "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    8.     "dest": "/home/student/test_dir/666.xt",
    9.     "gid": 0,
    10.     "group": "root",
    11.     "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e",
    12.     "mode": "0644",
    13.     "owner": "root",
    14.     "secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_home_t:s0",
    15.     "size": 0,
    16.     "src": "/home/student/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1659521079.1086252-4202-160722513414600/source",
    17.     "state": "file",
    18.     "uid": 0
    19. }

    4.fetch
       从被控制主机上取文件

    1. [root@rhcsa test_dir]# ansible rhel -m fetch -a "dest=/root src=/home/student/test4.txt" 
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "changed": true,
    4.     "checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    5.     "dest": "/root/rhel/home/student/test4.txt",
    6.     "md5sum": "d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e",
    7.     "remote_checksum": "da39a3ee5e6b4b0d3255bfef95601890afd80709",
    8.     "remote_md5sum": null
    9. }

    5.synchronize
       pull: 从被控制主机上拉取目录

    1. [root@rhcsa student]# ansible rhel -m synchronize -a "src=/home/student/test2_dir dest=/home/student mode=pull"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "changed": true,
    4.     "cmd": "/usr/bin/rsync --delay-updates -F --compress --archive --rsh='/usr/bin/ssh -S none -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null' --rsync-path='sudo -u root rsync' --out-format='<>%i %n%L' student@rhel:/home/student/test2_dir /home/student",
    5.     "msg": "cd+++++++++ test2_dir/\n>f+++++++++ test2_dir/d\n>f+++++++++ test2_dir/e\n",
    6.     "rc": 0,
    7.     "stdout_lines": [
    8.         "cd+++++++++ test2_dir/",
    9.         ">f+++++++++ test2_dir/d",
    10.         ">f+++++++++ test2_dir/e"
    11.     ]
    12. }

       push：往被控制主机上推送目录

    1. [root@rhcsa ~]# ansible rhel -m synchronize -a "src=/root/test6_dir dest=/home/student mode=push"
    2. rhel | CHANGED => {
    3.     "changed": true,
    4.     "cmd": "/usr/bin/rsync --delay-updates -F --compress --archive --rsh='/usr/bin/ssh -S none -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null' --rsync-path='sudo -u root rsync' --out-format='<>%i %n%L' /root/test6_dir student@rhel:/home/student",
    5.     "msg": "cd+++++++++ test6_dir/\n",
    6.     "rc": 0,
    7.     "stdout_lines": [
    8.         "cd+++++++++ test6_dir/"
    9.     ]
    10. }

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_64051859/article/details/126143962