目录
布局是指组件在容器中的排列方式,主要有:
FlowLayout 流式布局
BorderLayout 边界布局
GridLayout 网格布局
CardLayout 卡片布局
BoxLayout 盒式布局
GridBagLayout 网格包布局
null 空布局(不使用布局)
注:对于一些复杂的情况,往往需要使用容器的嵌套,各容器可使用不同的布局。当容器的尺寸改变时,布局管理器会自动调整组件的排列

FlowLayout();
FlowLayout(int align); //align一般取值有:CENTER、LEFT、RIGHT
FlowLayout(int align, int hgap, int vgap);//hgap和vgap指定组件与容器起始边界以及组件间的水平和垂直间距,默认值为5个像素

- import javax.swing.*;
- import java.awt.*;
-
- public class JFrame_MainClass {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new MyJFrame();
- }
- }
- class MyJFrame extends JFrame{
- private JPanel panel;
- private JButton button1,button2;
- public MyJFrame(){
- super("JPanel默认布局:FlowLayout");
- // panel = new JPanel(); // 默认居中对齐
- panel = new JPanel(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT)); // 设置左对齐
- button1 = new JButton("button1");
- button2 = new JButton("button2");
- panel.add(button1);
- panel.add(button2);
- this.add(panel);
- this.setSize(300,200);
- this.setLocation(200,100);
- this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- this.setVisible(true);
- }
- }


BorderLayout( );
BorderLayout(int hgap,int vgap);//hgap和vgap指定组件间的水平和垂直间距,默认值为0个像素
BorderLayout lay1 = new BorderLayout( );
BorderLayout lay2 = new BorderLayout(10, 10);
BorderLayout.EAST 或 “East”
BorderLayout.WEST 或 “West”
BorderLayout.SOUTH 或 “South”
BorderLayout.NORTH 或 “North”
BorderLayout.CENTER 或 “Center”(默认)
设置容器布局:setLayout(方位);
- import javax.swing.*;
- import java.awt.*;
-
- public class MainClass{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new BorderLayout_3();
- }
- }
- class BorderLayout_3 extends JFrame {
- public BorderLayout_3(){
- super("JFrame默认布局:BorderLayout");
- JPanel panel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
- JButton button1 = new JButton("按钮1");
- JButton button2 = new JButton("按钮2");
- JButton button3 = new JButton("按钮3");
- JButton button4 = new JButton("按钮4");
- JButton button5 = new JButton("按钮5");
- panel.add(button1,BorderLayout.EAST);
- panel.add(button2,BorderLayout.WEST);
- panel.add(button3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
- panel.add(button4,BorderLayout.NORTH);
- panel.add(button5,BorderLayout.CENTER);
- this.add(panel);
- this.setSize(400,360);
- this.setLocation(300,200);
- this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- this.setVisible(true);
- }
-
- }


GridLayout();//一行、每个组件一列
GridLayout(int rows,int cols);//行列数
GridLayout(int rows, int cols, int hgap, int vgap);//行行、列列的间距,默认值为0个像素
GridLayout lay1 = new GridLayout(3,3);
GridLayout lay2 = new GridLayout(5,2,10,10);

- import javax.swing.*;
- import java.awt.*;
-
- public class MainClass{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new GridLayout_5();
- }
- }
- class GridLayout_5 extends JFrame {
- private JPanel panel;
- public GridLayout_5(){
- super("GridLayout布局");
- panel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,3));
- for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
- panel.add(new JButton("按钮"+(i+1)));
- }
- this.add(panel);
- this.setSize(400,360);
- this.setLocation(300,200);
- this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- this.setVisible(true);
- }
- }

构造方法
例如:
| 显示方法 | 功能 |
| first(Container con) | 显示容器中的第一张卡片 |
| last(Container con) | 显示容器中的最后一张卡片 |
| previous(Container con) | 显示容器中当前卡片的上一张卡片 |
| next(Container con) | 显示容器中当前卡片的下一张卡片 |
| show(Container con, String name) | 显示容器中指定名称的卡片 |
- import javax.swing.*;
- import java.awt.*;
-
- class MainClass{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new CardLayout_4();
- }
- }
- class CardLayout_4 extends JFrame {
- private JPanel panel;
- private CardLayout cardLayout;
- public CardLayout_4(){
- super("CardLayout布局");
- panel = new JPanel();
- cardLayout = new CardLayout();
- panel.setLayout(cardLayout);
-
- for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
- panel.add(new JButton("按钮"+(i+1)));
- }
- cardLayout.last(panel); // 显示最后一张卡片(按钮)
- this.add(panel);
- this.setSize(400,360);
- this.setLocation(300,200);
- this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- this.setVisible(true);
- }
- }

构造方法:
| 常量 | 描述 |
| BorderLayout.X_AXIS | X轴(横轴)排列 |
| BorderLayout.Y_AXIS | Y轴(纵轴)排列 |
| LINE_AXIS | 根据容器的Component Oriebtation属性,按照文字在一行中的排列方式布置组件 |
| PAGE_AXIS | 根据容器的Component Oriebtation属性,按照文本行在一页中的排列方式布置组件 |
- import javax.swing.*;
-
- public class MainClass{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new BoxLayout_6();
- }
- }
- class BoxLayout_6 extends JFrame {
- private JPanel panel;
- public BoxLayout_6(){
- super("BoxLayout布局");
- panel = new JPanel();
- panel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(panel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); // 沿Y轴布置组件
-
- for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
- panel.add(new JButton("按钮"+(i+1)));
- }
- this.add(panel);
- this.setSize(400,360);
- this.setLocation(300,200);
- this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- this.setVisible(true);
- }
- }

空布局的使用:
-
- import javax.swing.*;
-
- public class MainClass{
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- new null_7();
- }
- }
- class null_7 extends JFrame {
- private Jpanel panel;
- private JButton button1,button2,button3,button4,button5;
- public null_7(){
- super("null布局");
- panel = new JPanel();
- panel.setLayout(null);
- button1 = new JButton("按钮1");
- button2 = new JButton("按钮2");
- button3 = new JButton("按钮3");
- button4 = new JButton("按钮4");
- button5 = new JButton("按钮5");
-
- button1.setBounds(35,25,75,30);
- button2.setBounds(135,25,75,30);
- button3.setBounds(235,25,75,30);
- button4.setBounds(35,65,75,30);
- button5.setBounds(135,65,75,30);
-
- panel.add(button1);
- panel.add(button2);
- panel.add(button3);
- panel.add(button4);
- panel.add(button5);
-
- this.add(panel);
- this.setSize(400,360);
- this.setLocation(300,200);
- this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- this.setVisible(true);
- }
- }

(27条消息) Swing UI——容器(一)_Stuttering Guy的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_Morgans/article/details/125109643?csdn_share_tail=%7B%22type%22%3A%22blog%22%2C%22rType%22%3A%22article%22%2C%22rId%22%3A%22125109643%22%2C%22source%22%3A%22Mr_Morgans%22%7D&ctrtid=l9JMT(27条消息) Swing UI——基本组件(二)_Stuttering Guy的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_Morgans/article/details/125110881?csdn_share_tail=%7B%22type%22%3A%22blog%22%2C%22rType%22%3A%22article%22%2C%22rId%22%3A%22125110881%22%2C%22source%22%3A%22Mr_Morgans%22%7D&ctrtid=Kzbcx(27条消息) Swing UI——高级组件(三)_Stuttering Guy的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_Morgans/article/details/125115383?csdn_share_tail=%7B%22type%22%3A%22blog%22%2C%22rType%22%3A%22article%22%2C%22rId%22%3A%22125115383%22%2C%22source%22%3A%22Mr_Morgans%22%7D&ctrtid=81Bbq(27条消息) Swing UI——事件处理(五)_Stuttering Guy的博客-CSDN博客
https://blog.csdn.net/Mr_Morgans/article/details/125115417?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501