• #循循渐进学51单片机#变量进阶与点阵LED#not.6

    1、掌握变量的作用域及存储类别。

    局部变量

    函数内部声明的变量，只在函数内部有效，在本函数以外是不能使用的，叫局部变量。

    全局变量

    在函数外部声明的变量就是全局变量，一个源程序可以包含一个或多个函数，全局变量的作用范围是从它开始声明的位置一直到程序结束。

    全局变量的副作用

    1)降低函数的独立性，对任何一个函数的修改都可能影响到其他函数。

    2）降低函数的通用性，不利于函数的重复利用。

    3）降低程序的清晰度，每个函数执行都有可能改变全局变量值，无法清楚判断每个时刻的全局变量的值。

    4)全局变量永久占用内存单元。

    原则：能用局部变量就不用全局变量

    全局变量和局部变量同名，在局部变量作用域范围内，局部变量有效。

    自动变量

    函数中的局部变量，如果不加static关键词修饰，都属于自动变量，也叫动态变量。

    静态变量

    所有的全局变量都属于静态变量，局部变量加了static关键词修饰的话，也是静态变量


    2、了解点阵的显示原理，理解点阵动画显示原理。

    点阵的显示原理是多个LED小灯组合在一起，点亮不同的LED小灯集合下来组成不同的图案，点阵的动画显示实际上就是不同图案的高帧变化。


    3、独立完成点阵显示I❤U向下移动的程序。

    1. clude <REGX52.H>
    2. sbit addr0 = P1^0;
    3. sbit addr1 = P1^1;
    4. sbit addr2 = P1^2;
    5. sbit addr3 = P1^3;
    6. sbit ENLED = P1^4;
    7. unsigned char code LedBuff[] = {
    8. 0xC3,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xC3,0xFF,
    9. 0xE7,0xC3,0x81,0x00,0x00,0x99,0xFF,0xC3,
    10. 0x81,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0x99,0xFF,0xFF,
    11. };
    12.  
    13. unsigned int flag1s = 0;
    14. unsigned int cnt = 0,i = 0;
    15.  
    16. void main()
    17. {
    18. 	ENLED = 0;
    19. 	addr3 = 0;
    20. 	TMOD = 0x01;
    21. 	TH0 = 0xfc;
    22. 	TL0 = 0x67;
    23. 	TR0 = 1;
    24.   while(1) 
    25. {
    26.  if(TF0 == 1)
    27.  {
    28. 	 TF0 = 0;
    29. 	 cnt++;
    30. 	 if(cnt >= 5)
    31. 	 {
    32. 	 cnt = 0;
    33. 	flag1s++;
    34. 	 }
    35.  }
    36. 	 P0 = 0xff;
    37. 		 switch (i)
    38. 	{
    39. 		    case 0 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 7];i++;break;
    40. 				case 1 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 6];i++;break;
    41. 				case 2 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 5];i++;break;
    42. 				case 3 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 4];i++;break;
    43. 				case 4 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 3];i++;break;
    44. 				case 5 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 2];i++;break;
    45. 				case 6 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 1];i++;break;
    46. 				case 7 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 0];i=0;break;
    47. 		default:break;
    48. 	 }
    49. 	if(flag1s >= 16)
    50. 	{
    51. 	flag1s = 0;
    52. 	}
    53.  	
    54. }
    55. }


    4、独立完成点阵显示I❤U向右移动的程序。

    1. #include <REGX52.H>
    2. sbit addr0 = P1^0;
    3. sbit addr1 = P1^1;
    4. sbit addr2 = P1^2;
    5. sbit addr3 = P1^3;
    6. sbit ENLED = P1^4;
    7. unsigned char code LedBuff[] = {
    8.  0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
    9.     0x7D,0x01,0x01,0x7D,0xFF,0xFF,0xE3,0xC1,
    10.     0x81,0x03,0x03,0x81,0xC1,0xE3,0xFF,0xFF,
    11.     0x81,0x01,0x3F,0x3F,0x3F,0x01,0x81,0xFF,
    12.     0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF
    13. };
    14.  
    15. unsigned int flag1s = 0;
    16. unsigned int cnt = 0,i = 0;
    17.  
    18. void main()
    19. {
    20. 	ENLED = 0;
    21. 	addr3 = 0;
    22. 	TMOD = 0x01;
    23. 	TH0 = 0xfc;
    24. 	TL0 = 0x67;
    25. 	TR0 = 1;
    26.   while(1) 
    27. {
    28.  if(TF0 == 1)
    29.  {
    30. 	 TF0 = 0;
    31. 	 cnt++;
    32. 	 if(cnt >= 5)
    33. 	 {
    34. 	 cnt = 0;
    35. 	flag1s++;
    36. 	 }
    37.  }
    38. 	 P0 = 0xff;
    39. 		 switch (i)
    40. 	{
    41. 		    case 0 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 7];i++;break;
    42. 				case 1 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 6];i++;break;
    43. 				case 2 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 5];i++;break;
    44. 				case 3 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 4];i++;break;
    45. 				case 4 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 3];i++;break;
    46. 				case 5 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 2];i++;break;
    47. 				case 6 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 1];i++;break;
    48. 				case 7 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s + 0];i=0;break;
    49. 		default:break;
    50. 	 }
    51. 	if(flag1s >= 32)
    52. 	{
    53. 	flag1s = 0;
    54. 	}
    55.  	
    56. }
    57. }


    5、用点阵做一个9到0的倒计时牌显示。

    1. #include <REGX52.H>
    2. sbit addr0 = P1^0;
    3. sbit addr1 = P1^1;
    4. sbit addr2 = P1^2;
    5. sbit addr3 = P1^3;
    6. sbit ENLED = P1^4;
    7. unsigned char code LedBuff[][8] = {
    8. 0xFF,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xE7,0xFF,
    9. 	0xFF,0xE3,0xDF,0xDF,0xEF,0xF7,0xC3,0xFF,
    10. 0xFF,0xC3,0xDF,0xDF,0xE3,0xDF,0xDF,0xC3,
    11. 	0xFF,0xEF,0xE7,0xEB,0xC1,0xEF,0xEF,0xEF,
    12. 0xFF,0xC3,0xFB,0xC3,0xDF,0xDF,0xDF,0xE3,
    13. 	0xFF,0xC3,0xDF,0xDF,0xC3,0xDB,0xDB,0xC3,
    14. 0xFF,0xC3,0xDF,0xEF,0xF7,0xF7,0xF7,0xF7,
    15. 	0xFF,0xC3,0xDB,0xDB,0xE7,0xDB,0xDB,0xC3,
    16. 0xFF,0xC3,0xDB,0xDB,0xC3,0xDF,0xDF,0xEF,
    17. 	0xFF,0xE7,0xDB,0xDB,0xDB,0xDB,0xDB,0xE7,
    18. 0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
    19. 	0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,0xFF,
    20. };
    21.  
    22. unsigned int flag1s = 0;
    23. unsigned int cnt = 0,i = 0;
    24.  
    25. void main()
    26. {
    27. 	ENLED = 0;
    28. 	addr3 = 0;
    29. 	TMOD = 0x01;
    30. 	TH0 = 0xfc;
    31. 	TL0 = 0x67;
    32. 	TR0 = 1;
    33.   while(1) 
    34. {
    35.  if(TF0 == 1)
    36.  {
    37. 	 TF0 = 0;
    38. 	 cnt++;
    39. 	 if(cnt >= 10)
    40. 	 {
    41. 	 cnt = 0;
    42. 	flag1s++;
    43. 	 }
    44.  }
    45. 	 P0 = 0xff;
    46. 		 switch (i)
    47. 	{
    48. 		    case 0 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][0];i++;break;
    49. 				case 1 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][1];i++;break;
    50. 				case 2 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][2];i++;break;
    51. 				case 3 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][3];i++;break;
    52. 				case 4 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][4];i++;break;
    53. 				case 5 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][5];i++;break;
    54. 				case 6 :addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][6];i++;break;
    55. 				case 7 :addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = LedBuff[flag1s][7];i=0;break;
    56. 		default:break;
    57. 	 }
    58. 	if(flag1s >= 10)
    59. 	{
    60. 	flag1s = 0;
    61. 	}
    62.  	
    63. }
    64. }


    6、尝试实现流水灯、数码管和点阵的同时显

    1. #include <REGX52.H>
    2. sbit addr0 = P1^0;
    3. sbit addr1 = P1^1;
    4. sbit addr2 = P1^2;
    5. sbit addr3 = P1^3;
    6. sbit ENLED = P1^4;
    7. unsigned int i = 0;
    8.  
    9. void main()
    10. {
    11. 	EA = 1;
    12. 	ENLED = 0;
    13. 	TMOD = 0x01;
    14. 	TH0 = 0xfc;
    15. 	TL0 = 0x67;
    16. 	ET0 = 1;
    17. 	TR0 = 1;
    18.   while(1) 
    19. {
    20.  
    21. }	
    22. }
    23. void InterruptTimer0() interrupt 1
    24. {
    25. 	TH0 = 0xfc;
    26. 	TL0 = 0x67;
    27. 	P0 = 0xff;
    28. 	switch (i)
    29. 	{
    30. 		    case 0 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    31. 				case 1 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    32. 				case 2 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    33. 				case 3 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    34. 				case 4 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    35. 				case 5 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    36. 				case 6 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    37. 				case 7 :addr3 = 0;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    38. 		
    39. 				case 8 :addr3 = 1;addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    40. 				case 9 :addr3 = 1;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    41. 				case 10 :addr3 = 1;addr0 =0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    42. 				case 11 :addr3 = 1;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 0;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    43. 				case 12 :addr3 = 1;addr0 = 0;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    44. 				case 13 :addr3 = 1;addr0 = 1;addr1 = 0;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i++;break;
    45. 		
    46. 				case 14 :addr3 = 1;addr0 = 0;addr1 = 1;addr2 = 1;P0 = 0;i=0;break;
    47. 		default:break;
    48. 	}
    49. 	}

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/2301_77479336/article/details/132845026