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docker入门级使用
docker
越学习越觉得自己的无知
谦卑,不傲慢,厚积而薄发
docker概述
出现原因
- 一次编译,
到处报错 - 开发环境和生产环境需要分别搭建
- 搭建环境的繁杂,特别是搭建集群
- docker出现,将应用和环境一起打包. jar+(mysql+redis+tomcat…)
官网
虚拟化与容器化
虚拟化
- 模拟硬件,一个完整的操作系统
- 占用资源多
- 启动慢
容器化
- 不模拟硬件
- 没有自己内核,使用宿主机的内核
- 容器隔离,互不干扰
- 更快的交付与部署
- 更边界的升级
- 更简单的运维
- 更高效的资源利用
docker架构图
镜像(image):
创建容器的模板.类似于class
容器(container):
类似于对象
仓库(repository):
私有仓库和共有仓库
docker安装
环境 centos7以上 xshell连接
uname -a cat /etc/os-release- 1
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docker version docker info- 1
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docker run hello-world docker images- 1
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阿里云镜像加速
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF' { "registry-mirrors": ["https://igh3g3of.mirror.aliyuncs.com"] } EOF sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl restart docker- 1
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底层原理
- docker是cs架构的系统,docker守护进程运行在主机上,通过socket从客户端访问
- 每一个docker容器就是一个小的linux虚拟机,有着独立的端口号,和宿主机隔离,和其他docker容器隔离
Docker常用命令
帮助命令
docker version docker info docker --help- 1
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镜像命令
- docker images
docker images # 查看所有本地镜像 Usage: docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]] List images Options: -a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images) --digests Show digests -f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided --format string Pretty-print images using a Go template --no-trunc Don't truncate output -q, --quiet Only show image IDs [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker images -a REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu 20.04 a0ce5a295b63 3 months ago 72.8MB mysql latest ff3b5098b416 3 months ago 447MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 14 months ago 13.3kB- 1
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- docker search
docker search # 搜索镜像 也可以去docker hub上找 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker search --help Usage: docker search [OPTIONS] TERM Search the Docker Hub for images Options: -f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided --format string Pretty-print search using a Go template --limit int Max number of search results (default 25) --no-trunc Don't truncate output [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker search mysql NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 13544 [OK] mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 5165 [OK] phpmyadmin phpMyAdmin - A web interface for MySQL and M… 699 [OK] percona Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati… 595 [OK] [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker search mysql --filter=STARS=5000 #查找Stars>=5000 NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED mysql MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation… 13544 [OK] mariadb MariaDB Server is a high performing open sou… 5165 [OK]- 1
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- docker pull
docker pull # 拉取镜像 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker pull --help Usage: docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST] Pull an image or a repository from a registry Options: -a, --all-tags Download all tagged images in the repository --disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true) --platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable -q, --quiet Suppress verbose output [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker pull nginx # 不写tag默认latest 表示最新版 Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete # 分层下载 a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 589b7251471a: Pull complete 186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31 # sha256校验 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest docker.io/library/nginx:latest [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu 20.04 a0ce5a295b63 3 months ago 72.8MB mysql latest ff3b5098b416 3 months ago 447MB nginx latest 605c77e624dd 11 months ago 141MB hello-world latest feb5d9fea6a5 14 months ago 13.3kB- 1
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- docker rmi # 删除镜像
docker rmi # 删除镜像 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker rmi --help Usage: docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...] Remove one or more images Options: -f, --force Force removal of the image --no-prune Do not delete untagged parents [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker rmi -f hello-world:latest # 使用名称删除 Untagged: hello-world:latest Untagged: hello-world@sha256:7d246653d0511db2a6b2e0436cfd0e52ac8c066000264b3ce63331ac66dca625 Deleted: sha256:feb5d9fea6a5e9606aa995e879d862b825965ba48de054caab5ef356dc6b3412 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu 20.04 a0ce5a295b63 3 months ago 72.8MB mysql latest ff3b5098b416 3 months ago 447MB nginx latest 605c77e624dd 11 months ago 141MB [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker rmi -f 605c77e624dd # 使用id删除 Untagged: nginx:latest Untagged: nginx@sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31 Deleted: sha256:605c77e624ddb75e6110f997c58876baa13f8754486b461117934b24a9dc3a85 Deleted: sha256:b625d8e29573fa369e799ca7c5df8b7a902126d2b7cbeb390af59e4b9e1210c5 Deleted: sha256:7850d382fb05e393e211067c5ca0aada2111fcbe550a90fed04d1c634bd31a14 Deleted: sha256:02b80ac2055edd757a996c3d554e6a8906fd3521e14d1227440afd5163a5f1c4 Deleted: sha256:b92aa5824592ecb46e6d169f8e694a99150ccef01a2aabea7b9c02356cdabe7c Deleted: sha256:780238f18c540007376dd5e904f583896a69fe620876cabc06977a3af4ba4fb5 Deleted: sha256:2edcec3590a4ec7f40cf0743c15d78fb39d8326bc029073b41ef9727da6c851f [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu 20.04 a0ce5a295b63 3 months ago 72.8MB mysql latest ff3b5098b416 3 months ago 447MB- 1
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容器命令
有了镜像才可以创建容器
docker pull centos:centos7.9.2009 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker pull centos:centos7.9.2009 centos7.9.2009: Pulling from library/centos 2d473b07cdd5: Pull complete Digest: sha256:9d4bcbbb213dfd745b58be38b13b996ebb5ac315fe75711bd618426a630e0987 Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:centos7.9.2009 docker.io/library/centos:centos7.9.2009- 1
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- docker run
docker run [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker run --help Usage: docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...] Run a command in a new container Options: --add-host list Add a custom host-to-IP mapping (host:ip) -a, --attach list Attach to STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR --blkio-weight uint16 Block IO (relative weight), between 10 and 1000, or 0 to disable (default 0) --blkio-weight-device list Block IO weight (relative device weight) (default []) --cap-add list Add Linux capabilities --cap-drop list Drop Linux capabilities --cgroup-parent string Optional parent cgroup for the container --cgroupns string Cgroup namespace to use (host|private) 'host': Run the container in the Docker host's cgroup namespace 'private': Run the container in its own private cgroup namespace '': Use the cgroup namespace as configured by the default-cgroupns-mode option on the daemon (default) --cidfile string Write the container ID to the file --cpu-period int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) period --cpu-quota int Limit CPU CFS (Completely Fair Scheduler) quota --cpu-rt-period int Limit CPU real-time period in microseconds --cpu-rt-runtime int Limit CPU real-time runtime in microseconds -c, --cpu-shares int CPU shares (relative weight) --cpus decimal Number of CPUs --cpuset-cpus string CPUs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) --cpuset-mems string MEMs in which to allow execution (0-3, 0,1) -d, --detach Run container in background and print container ID --detach-keys string Override the key sequence for detaching a container --device list Add a host device to the container --device-cgroup-rule list Add a rule to the cgroup allowed devices list --device-read-bps list Limit read rate (bytes per second) from a device (default []) --device-read-iops list Limit read rate (IO per second) from a device (default []) --device-write-bps list Limit write rate (bytes per second) to a device (default []) --device-write-iops list Limit write rate (IO per second) to a device (default []) --disable-content-trust Skip image verification (default true) --dns list Set custom DNS servers --dns-option list Set DNS options --dns-search list Set custom DNS search domains --domainname string Container NIS domain name --entrypoint string Overwrite the default ENTRYPOINT of the image -e, --env list Set environment variables --env-file list Read in a file of environment variables --expose list Expose a port or a range of ports --gpus gpu-request GPU devices to add to the container ('all' to pass all GPUs) --group-add list Add additional groups to join --health-cmd string Command to run to check health --health-interval duration Time between running the check (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --health-retries int Consecutive failures needed to report unhealthy --health-start-period duration Start period for the container to initialize before starting health-retries countdown (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --health-timeout duration Maximum time to allow one check to run (ms|s|m|h) (default 0s) --help Print usage -h, --hostname string Container host name --init Run an init inside the container that forwards signals and reaps processes -i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached --ip string IPv4 address (e.g., 172.30.100.104) --ip6 string IPv6 address (e.g., 2001:db8::33) --ipc string IPC mode to use --isolation string Container isolation technology --kernel-memory bytes Kernel memory limit -l, --label list Set meta data on a container --label-file list Read in a line delimited file of labels --link list Add link to another container --link-local-ip list Container IPv4/IPv6 link-local addresses --log-driver string Logging driver for the container --log-opt list Log driver options --mac-address string Container MAC address (e.g., 92:d0:c6:0a:29:33) -m, --memory bytes Memory limit --memory-reservation bytes Memory soft limit --memory-swap bytes Swap limit equal to memory plus swap: '-1' to enable unlimited swap --memory-swappiness int Tune container memory swappiness (0 to 100) (default -1) --mount mount Attach a filesystem mount to the container --name string ==Assign a name to the container --network network Connect a container to a network --network-alias list Add network-scoped alias for the container --no-healthcheck Disable any container-specified HEALTHCHECK --oom-kill-disable Disable OOM Killer --oom-score-adj int Tune host's OOM preferences (-1000 to 1000) --pid string PID namespace to use --pids-limit int Tune container pids limit (set -1 for unlimited) --platform string Set platform if server is multi-platform capable --privileged Give extended privileges to this container -p, --publish list Publish a container's port(s) to the host -P, --publish-all Publish all exposed ports to random ports --pull string Pull image before running ("always"|"missing"|"never") (default "missing") --read-only Mount the container's root filesystem as read only --restart string Restart policy to apply when a container exits (default "no") --rm Automatically remove the container when it exits --runtime string Runtime to use for this container --security-opt list Security Options --shm-size bytes Size of /dev/shm --sig-proxy Proxy received signals to the process (default true) --stop-signal string Signal to stop a container (default "SIGTERM") --stop-timeout int Timeout (in seconds) to stop a container --storage-opt list Storage driver options for the container --sysctl map Sysctl options (default map[]) --tmpfs list Mount a tmpfs directory -t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY --ulimit ulimit Ulimit options (default []) -u, --user string Username or UID (format: <name|uid>[:<group|gid>]) --userns string User namespace to use --uts string UTS namespace to use -v, --volume list Bind mount a volume --volume-driver string Optional volume driver for the container --volumes-from list Mount volumes from the specified container(s) -w, --workdir string Working directory inside the container --name="Name" 给容器取名字来区分容器 -d 后台运行 -it 使用交互式运行进入容器 -p 指定容器端口 -p 8080:8080 主机端口:容器端口 小写p -P 随机指定端口 大写P [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker run -it centos:centos7.9.2009 /bin/bash [root@80beffa4fe2a /]# ls # 容器centos7.9.2009内部信息 anaconda-post.log bin dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var [root@80beffa4fe2a /]# exit exit [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]#- 1
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- docker ps
[root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker ps --help Usage: docker ps [OPTIONS] List containers Options: -a, --all Show all containers (default shows just running) -f, --filter filter Filter output based on conditions provided --format string Pretty-print containers using a Go template -n, --last int Show n last created containers (includes all states) (default -1) -l, --latest Show the latest created container (includes all states) --no-trunc Don't truncate output -q, --quiet Only display container IDs -s, --size Display total file sizes [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 1b6c89113558 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 months ago Up 3 days 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp, :::3307->3306/tcp mysql [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker ps -a CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 80beffa4fe2a centos:centos7.9.2009 "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Exited (0) About a minute ago gracious_dijkstra f4818b63d749 feb5d9fea6a5 "/hello" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago vigorous_ramanujan aaac99563c0d ubuntu:20.04 "/bin/bash" 4 days ago Exited (0) 4 days ago hopeful_boyd 40974b298e2e feb5d9fea6a5 "/hello" 4 days ago Exited (0) 4 days ago interesting_gauss 1b6c89113558 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 months ago Up 3 days 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp, :::3307->3306/tcp mysql 5a4c2c0798ad ubuntu:20.04 "/bin/bash" 2 months ago Exited (127) 2 months ago vigilant_morse e0a48f4c0351 feb5d9fea6a5 "/hello" 2 months ago Exited (0) 2 months ago magical_bassi- 1
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- 退出
exit 关闭容器并退出 ctrl + p + q # 不关闭容器退出- 1
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- docker rm
[root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker rm --help Usage: docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...] # 用来删除容器 Remove one or more containers Options: -f, --force Force the removal of a running container (uses SIGKILL) -l, --link Remove the specified link -v, --volumes Remove anonymous volumes associated with the container docker rm 容器id docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq) # 删除所有容器- 1
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- 启动和停止容器
docker start 容器id docker restart 容器id docker stop id # 关闭 docker kill id # 强制关闭- 1
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常用其他命令
- docker logs
[root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker logs --help Usage: docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER Fetch the logs of a container Options: --details Show extra details provided to logs -f, --follow Follow log output --since string Show logs since timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes) -n, --tail string Number of lines to show from the end of the logs (default "all") -t, --timestamps Show timestamps --until string Show logs before a timestamp (e.g. 2013-01-02T13:23:37Z) or relative (e.g. 42m for 42 minutes) [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker logs mysql 2022-09-15 09:17:58+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.30-1.el8 started. 2022-09-15 09:17:58+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql' 2022-09-15 09:17:58+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.30-1.el8 started. 2022-09-15 09:17:59+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Initializing database files 2022-09-15T09:17:59.099655Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011068] [Server] The syntax '--skip-host-cache' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use SET GLOBAL host_cache_size=0 instead. 2022-09-15T09:17:59.099746Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.30) initializing of server in progress as process 78 2022-09-15T09:17:59.111770Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started. 2022-09-15T09:18:00.045694Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended. 2022-09-15T09:18:01.563885Z 6 [Warning] [MY-010453] [Server] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option. 2022-09-15 09:18:04+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Database files initialized 2022-09-15 09:18:04+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Starting temporary server 2022-09-15T09:18:04.509741Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011068] [Server] The syntax '--skip-host-cache' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use SET GLOBAL host_cache_size=0 instead. 2022-09-15T09:18:04.512026Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.30) starting as process 125 ...- 1
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- docker top 容器id
docker top 容器id # 查看容器中进程信息- 1
- docker inspect
docker inspect 容器id/容器名 查看容器元数据 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker inspect mysql [ { "Id": "1b6c8911355870f43487eb85db4f4b2d6421bed6d257a71e079798bb97dd8646", "Created": "2022-09-15T09:17:57.95142708Z", "Path": "docker-entrypoint.sh", "Args": [ "mysqld" ], "State": { "Status": "running", "Running": true, "Paused": false, "Restarting": false, "OOMKilled": false, "Dead": false, "Pid": 1899611, "ExitCode": 0, "Error": "", "StartedAt": "2022-11-28T06:36:37.083409742Z", "FinishedAt": "2022-11-28T06:29:53.12265741Z" }, "Image": "sha256:ff3b5098b416cc4294d8d5c43c2f0f8251e91711347318e73cb290ffe2783bcb", "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b6c8911355870f43487eb85db4f4b2d6421bed6d257a71e079798bb97dd8646/resolv.conf", "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b6c8911355870f43487eb85db4f4b2d6421bed6d257a71e079798bb97dd8646/hostname", "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b6c8911355870f43487eb85db4f4b2d6421bed6d257a71e079798bb97dd8646/hosts", "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/1b6c8911355870f43487eb85db4f4b2d6421bed6d257a71e079798bb97dd8646/1b6c8911355870f43487eb85db4f4b2d6421bed6d257a71e079798bb97dd8646-json.log", "Name": "/mysql", "RestartCount": 0, "Driver": "overlay2", "Platform": "linux", "MountLabel": "", "ProcessLabel": "", "AppArmorProfile": "", "ExecIDs": null, "HostConfig": { "Binds": null, "ContainerIDFile": "", "LogConfig": { "Type": "json-file", "Config": {} }, "NetworkMode": "default", "PortBindings": { "3306/tcp": [ { "HostIp": "", "HostPort": "3307" } ] }, "RestartPolicy": { "Name": "no", "MaximumRetryCount": 0 }, "AutoRemove": false, "VolumeDriver": "", "VolumesFrom": null, "CapAdd": null, "CapDrop": null, "CgroupnsMode": "host", "Dns": [], "DnsOptions": [], "DnsSearch": [], "ExtraHosts": null, "GroupAdd": null, "IpcMode": "private", "Cgroup": "", "Links": null, "OomScoreAdj": 0, "PidMode": "", "Privileged": false, "PublishAllPorts": false, "ReadonlyRootfs": false, "SecurityOpt": null, "UTSMode": "", "UsernsMode": "", "ShmSize": 67108864, "Runtime": "runc", "ConsoleSize": [ 0, 0 ], "Isolation": "", "CpuShares": 0, "Memory": 0, "NanoCpus": 0, "CgroupParent": "", "BlkioWeight": 0, "BlkioWeightDevice": [], "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null, "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null, "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null, "CpuPeriod": 0, "CpuQuota": 0, "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0, "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0, "CpusetCpus": "", "CpusetMems": "", "Devices": [], "DeviceCgroupRules": null, "DeviceRequests": null, "KernelMemory": 0, "KernelMemoryTCP": 0, "MemoryReservation": 0, "MemorySwap": 0, "MemorySwappiness": null, "OomKillDisable": false, "PidsLimit": null, "Ulimits": null, "CpuCount": 0, "CpuPercent": 0, "IOMaximumIOps": 0, "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0, "MaskedPaths": [ "/proc/asound", "/proc/acpi", "/proc/kcore", "/proc/keys", "/proc/latency_stats", "/proc/timer_list", "/proc/timer_stats", "/proc/sched_debug", "/proc/scsi", "/sys/firmware" ], "ReadonlyPaths": [ "/proc/bus", "/proc/fs", "/proc/irq", "/proc/sys", "/proc/sysrq-trigger" ] }, "GraphDriver": { "Data": { "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/91d3deba8a700cc7d7bc5565c4dfad48bf6ab6bfb65b4f8ddcc18f84f3e66c28-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/84c6f250503ccc216ccd087ab24e0376e00c84040079427e66b589178030fbe4/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/de1b5e419fd75126d4cf9b3fb0f5f448d4350976fc85126bdc8b76baa6934ebf/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/53d948f7d13ae78d3e0b73e4dfef26beac04fdb6afb2d44564f733c486abce8d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/53b25bc12f7e3201bfd2763d4562346223f0fb3f45ee3c628149135029c2788d/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/42672c099f7dcd6ab3671ad532de59508be376e8ac4b23b64ffbba8b91c54e37/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4deb7132c15dde066d697ce7837d14bb0a80b5e36ad53e1620d905306bc5e895/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9cfa455898783ddbccb67b93b4627570a3cc007a5c6d0d02c818060de5846470/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/145b2258730c4cf8c0c649c1a666d289382519e6ad89612c462979fdd4d45373/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a5236ba1820cfedb5de717f72277eb3ae597bb312225439ad821b9d049c5172f/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d48af4744f69821d07822f97fcee9ad291082df99d88e71521a5850a6ac84280/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/201a0a0a31dd18c8c2a7f0f2d9e4b0cb5ab94aeb92ec3c21041eb6ec13095674/diff", "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/91d3deba8a700cc7d7bc5565c4dfad48bf6ab6bfb65b4f8ddcc18f84f3e66c28/merged", "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/91d3deba8a700cc7d7bc5565c4dfad48bf6ab6bfb65b4f8ddcc18f84f3e66c28/diff", "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/91d3deba8a700cc7d7bc5565c4dfad48bf6ab6bfb65b4f8ddcc18f84f3e66c28/work" }, "Name": "overlay2" }, "Mounts": [ { "Type": "volume", "Name": "1e76895438bb3fed4d7d813e2319f8d0abef464acb4890f423f9a248f56ce702", "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/1e76895438bb3fed4d7d813e2319f8d0abef464acb4890f423f9a248f56ce702/_data", "Destination": "/var/lib/mysql", "Driver": "local", "Mode": "", "RW": true, "Propagation": "" } ], "Config": { "Hostname": "1b6c89113558", "Domainname": "", "User": "", "AttachStdin": false, "AttachStdout": false, "AttachStderr": false, "ExposedPorts": { "3306/tcp": {}, "33060/tcp": {} }, "Tty": false, "OpenStdin": false, "StdinOnce": false, "Env": [ "MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=xxx", "PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin", "GOSU_VERSION=1.14", "MYSQL_MAJOR=8.0", "MYSQL_VERSION=8.0.30-1.el8", "MYSQL_SHELL_VERSION=8.0.30-1.el8" ], "Cmd": [ "mysqld" ], "Image": "mysql:latest", "Volumes": { "/var/lib/mysql": {} }, "WorkingDir": "", "Entrypoint": [ "docker-entrypoint.sh" ], "OnBuild": null, "Labels": {} }, "NetworkSettings": { "Bridge": "", "SandboxID": "cb6885d469116f82982b1688b0c55d1df5616c331753a32023fc9a92f3e4e6d7", "HairpinMode": false, "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "", "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "Ports": { "3306/tcp": [ { "HostIp": "0.0.0.0", "HostPort": "3307" }, { "HostIp": "::", "HostPort": "3307" } ], "33060/tcp": null }, "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/cb6885d46911", "SecondaryIPAddresses": null, "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null, "EndpointID": "2d3143b9236633cf50ebd4bd4e70904daed055d297517a5551aa348c781102a6", "Gateway": "172.17.0.1", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPPrefixLen": 16, "IPv6Gateway": "", "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02", "Networks": { "bridge": { "IPAMConfig": null, "Links": null, "Aliases": null, "NetworkID": "dd10917ed190de5e85dfa700607287e01529269f92334a442d91c05ff9060041", "EndpointID": "2d3143b9236633cf50ebd4bd4e70904daed055d297517a5551aa348c781102a6", "Gateway": "172.17.0.1", "IPAddress": "172.17.0.2", "IPPrefixLen": 16, "IPv6Gateway": "", "GlobalIPv6Address": "", "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0, "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:02", "DriverOpts": null } } } } ]- 1
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- 进入当前正在运行的容器
docker exec -it 容器id /bin/bash # 进入容器后开启一个新的终端 docker attach 容器id # 进入容器正在执行的终端- 1
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- 从容器内拷贝文件到主机
docker cp 容器id:容器内路径 目的主机路径- 1
安装nginx
docker pull nginx [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker pull nginx Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx a2abf6c4d29d: Pull complete a9edb18cadd1: Pull complete 589b7251471a: Pull complete 186b1aaa4aa6: Pull complete b4df32aa5a72: Pull complete a0bcbecc962e: Pull complete Digest: sha256:0d17b565c37bcbd895e9d92315a05c1c3c9a29f762b011a10c54a66cd53c9b31 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest docker.io/library/nginx:latest [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE ubuntu 20.04 a0ce5a295b63 3 months ago 72.8MB mysql latest ff3b5098b416 3 months ago 447MB nginx latest 605c77e624dd 11 months ago 141MB centos centos7.9.2009 eeb6ee3f44bd 14 months ago 204MB [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker run -d --name nginx01 -p 2333:80 nginx b7ac691d77cbfc3a757de182bbb871116cf8fdc2991ec9eec7e36ad85b653df5 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES b7ac691d77cb nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 4 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 0.0.0.0:2333->80/tcp, :::2333->80/tcp nginx01 1b6c89113558 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 months ago Up 3 days 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp, :::3307->3306/tcp mysql [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# curl localhost:2333 <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title>Welcome to nginx!</title> <style> html { color-scheme: light dark; } body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto; font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; } </style> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1> <p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and working. Further configuration is required.</p> <p>For online documentation and support please refer to <a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/> Commercial support is available at <a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p> <p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p> </body> </html> [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker exec -it nginx01 /bin/bash root@b7ac691d77cb:/# ls bin boot dev docker-entrypoint.d docker-entrypoint.sh etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var root@b7ac691d77cb:/# whereis nginx nginx: /usr/sbin/nginx /usr/lib/nginx /etc/nginx /usr/share/nginx root@b7ac691d77cb:/# ls /etc/nginx/ conf.d fastcgi_params mime.types modules nginx.conf scgi_params uwsgi_params- 1
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安装Tomcat
[root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker pull tomcat Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/tomcat 0e29546d541c: Pull complete 9b829c73b52b: Pull complete cb5b7ae36172: Pull complete 6494e4811622: Pull complete 668f6fcc5fa5: Pull complete dc120c3e0290: Pull complete 8f7c0eebb7b1: Pull complete 77b694f83996: Pull complete 0f611256ec3a: Pull complete 4f25def12f23: Pull complete Digest: sha256:9dee185c3b161cdfede1f5e35e8b56ebc9de88ed3a79526939701f3537a52324 Status: Downloaded newer image for tomcat:latest docker.io/library/tomcat:latest [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker run -d --name tomcat01 -p 8081:8080 tomcat ca8fae9c1f57d8ac8d86ff74551b918b0fd69bb1e85328cd050571928a637072 [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES ca8fae9c1f57 tomcat "catalina.sh run" 9 seconds ago Up 7 seconds 0.0.0.0:8081->8080/tcp, :::8081->8080/tcp tomcat01 b7ac691d77cb nginx "/docker-entrypoint.…" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes 0.0.0.0:2333->80/tcp, :::2333->80/tcp nginx01 1b6c89113558 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 2 months ago Up 4 days 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp, :::3307->3306/tcp mysql [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker logs tomcat01 NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.143 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version name: Apache Tomcat/10.0.14 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.202 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server built: Dec 2 2021 22:01:36 UTC 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.202 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server version number: 10.0.14.0 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.202 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Name: Linux 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.202 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS Version: 4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.202 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Architecture: amd64 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.203 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java Home: /usr/local/openjdk-11 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.203 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Version: 11.0.13+8 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.203 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.203 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.203 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.275 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.281 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.281 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.281 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.281 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/conf/logging.properties 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dorg.apache.catalina.security.SecurityListener.UMASK=0027 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.282 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/tomcat 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.283 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/tomcat 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.283 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/tomcat/temp 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.330 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent Loaded Apache Tomcat Native library [1.2.31] using APR version [1.7.0]. 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.332 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent APR capabilities: IPv6 [true], sendfile [true], accept filters [false], random [true], UDS [true]. 02-Dec-2022 06:20:01.340 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.initializeSSL OpenSSL successfully initialized [OpenSSL 1.1.1k 25 Mar 2021] 02-Dec-2022 06:20:02.575 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] 02-Dec-2022 06:20:02.741 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load Server initialization in [2487] milliseconds 02-Dec-2022 06:20:02.968 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal Starting service [Catalina] 02-Dec-2022 06:20:02.972 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/10.0.14] 02-Dec-2022 06:20:03.004 INFO [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8080"] 02-Dec-2022 06:20:03.047 INFO [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start Server startup in [305] milliseconds [root@iZ2zef4iumnunw6gqcbjxsZ ~]# docker exec -it tomcat01 /bin/bash root@ca8fae9c1f57:/usr/local/tomcat# ls BUILDING.txt LICENSE README.md RUNNING.txt conf logs temp webapps.dist CONTRIBUTING.md NOTICE RELEASE-NOTES bin lib native-jni-lib webapps work- 1
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- 一次编译,
-
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/yirenDM/article/details/128147499
